1) 为什么“法律性质”问题在博塔什合同中至关重要？各方与博塔什签订合同的原因各不相同：长期天然气供应、液化天然气再气化和储存服务、输电网络容量预订、平衡和指定安排、管道建设、压缩站工程、工程服务或战略基础设施合作。这些交易表面上看起来可能很相似 […]
1) Why the natural gas market in Türkiye is a legal ecosystem (not a single contract) Operating in Türkiye’s natural gas sector is never “just” about buying and selling molecules. The moment you step into the market—whether as an importer, wholesaler, industrial offtaker, LNG terminal operator, storage investor, distribution company, or trader—you enter a tightly […]
1) Why PPAs have become a central tool in the Turkish energy market A Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) is no longer just a “sale contract” between a generator and a buyer. In Turkey, PPAs increasingly function as the commercial spine of renewable and conventional projects alike—especially as corporate buyers seek predictable energy costs, stronger sustainability […]
1) Why “hybrid” is a legal concept in Turkey—not just an engineering choice In Turkey, “hybrid power plant” is not merely a technical design where two resources produce electricity at the same site. It is also a regulatory classification that determines: Turkey’s secondary legislation makes this explicit through two separate—but connected—lenses: Understanding these two lenses […]
Introduction: why land is the first real “permit” in energy In Turkish energy projects—solar (GES), wind (RES), geothermal, hydro, biomass, storage, pipelines, substations, and transmission lines—the critical path often starts with land. Grid connection may be the headline risk, but land tenure is the risk that quietly kills timelines: an unbankable lease, a missing corridor […]
1) Why EIA litigation has become a “project-critical” risk in Turkey In Turkey, energy projects are built on a chain of public approvals: licensing and grid connection, land use and zoning, forestry/pasture permissions, and—very often—Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) decisions issued under the ÇED system. When an EIA decision is challenged and annulled, the impact is […]
1) Why “energy storage licensing” in Turkey is not a single license In Turkey, energy storage is regulated as a set of legally distinct models, each with different permissions, grid-connection rules, settlement treatment, and compliance risks. The phrase “energy storage license” is often used in the market, but in practice you will usually fall into […]
1) Why carbon pricing has become a legal risk—not a sustainability slogan Carbon has turned into a regulated cost. For heavy industry, power generation, and carbon-intensive supply chains, carbon pricing is no longer limited to voluntary commitments. It is increasingly shaped by public-law obligations, market-based compliance tools, and cross-border trade measures. Two developments make Turkey’s […]
Introduction: offshore wind in Turkey is moving from “potential” to “process” Turkey has been positioning offshore wind as a long-term pillar of its energy transition, and international institutions have started to map out pathways for scaling the sector. The World Bank and partners have publicly referenced a national ambition of 5 GW of offshore wind […]
1) Why storage has become the “second engine” of renewable projects Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are no longer an optional add-on for solar (GES) and wind (RES) projects in Turkey. They are increasingly treated as a system flexibility asset—and Turkey’s regulatory framework has been evolving quickly to (i) integrate storage into licensed generation, (ii) […]