Limitation of liability in maritime law is one of the most important protections available to shipowners, operators, charterers, salvors, and their liability insurers. It exists for a practical reason: shipping is a high-risk industry, and a single casualty can generate a chain of claims far beyond the commercial value of the voyage itself. A collision […]
Unsafe port claims in charterparty disputes are among the most important risk-allocation issues in shipping law because they sit at the point where navigation, commercial orders, and legal responsibility meet. When a charterer nominates a port or berth and the vessel is damaged, delayed, trapped, exposed to political violence, or forced to deviate, the central […]
A marine casualty is never just a technical event. It is a legal event, an evidentiary event, a safety event, and often a commercial crisis all at once. Under the IMO’s Casualty Investigation Code, a marine casualty includes events directly connected with ship operations that result in death or serious injury, loss of a person […]
Learn the legal value of employee handbooks and workplace policies in Turkey, including how they interact with labor law, personnel regulations, dismissal procedure, KVKK, OHS, and drafting strategy for employers. Introduction Employee handbooks and workplace policies are widely used in Turkey, but they do not operate as a free-standing source of law. Their legal value […]
Learn how secondment and intra-group employee transfers are regulated in Turkey, including written consent, time limits, wage liability, SGK risks, foreign employee issues, data transfers, and dismissal exposure. Introduction Secondment and intra-group transfers in Turkey are legally possible, but they are not free-form management tools. Turkish law does not use the international business word “secondment” […]
Learn how employee privacy is regulated in Turkey, including monitoring emails, CCTV, biometric systems, lawful bases under KVKK, employee notices, dismissal risks, and workplace surveillance compliance. Introduction Employee privacy in Turkey is regulated through a combined framework rather than a single workplace-surveillance law. The key legal sources are the Constitution of the Republic of Türkiye, […]
Learn how severance and notice pay work in Turkey, including legal conditions, calculation methods, current severance cap, limitation periods, mandatory mediation, and the most common labor-law disputes. Introduction Severance and notice pay are two of the most litigated issues in Turkish employment law, but they are not the same right and they do not arise […]
Learn how employment disputes are resolved in Turkey, including mandatory mediation, labour court jurisdiction, reinstatement deadlines, social security disputes, venue rules, and the practical litigation process under Turkish law. Introduction Employment disputes in Turkey are resolved through a system that combines mandatory mediation, specialized labour-court jurisdiction, and, in some categories, preliminary administrative application requirements. The […]
Learn how executive employment contracts work in Turkey, including contract structure, authority clauses, bonus and confidentiality terms, non-compete limits, termination rules, severance issues, and executive liability risks. Introduction Executive employment contracts in Turkey sit at the intersection of labor law, the law of obligations, and, in some cases, company law. That makes them more complex […]
Learn how workplace investigations work in Turkey, including internal procedures, employee interviews, digital evidence, KVKK compliance, disciplinary measures, dismissal risks, and labor-court exposure. Introduction Workplace investigations in Turkey are not governed by one standalone “workplace investigations law.” Instead, internal investigations are built from a combination of Labor Law No. 4857, Law No. 6698 on the […]