1. Introduction: Is Taking a Child Abroad by a Foreign Parent Always a Crime? When a foreign mother or father takes a child abroad, the act is not automatically a crime in every case. However, if the removal or retention violates the other parent’s custody rights, access rights, a court order or the child’s habitual […]
1. Introduction: What Happens If a Foreigner Causes an Accident with a Rental Car in Turkey? Foreigners visiting Turkey for tourism, business, family reasons or temporary residence often rent vehicles from airports, hotels or car rental companies. Traffic accidents involving foreign drivers are common in cities and touristic regions such as Istanbul, Antalya, Muğla, İzmir, […]
1. Introduction: A Foreigner’s Criminal Act May Create Civil Liability When a foreigner commits a crime in Turkey, the victim may have the right to claim compensation. The fact that the offender is a foreign national does not prevent the victim from filing a civil lawsuit. The foreigner may be a tourist, a resident, a […]
1. Introduction: What Happens If a Refugee or Asylum Seeker Commits a Crime in Turkey? Refugees, asylum seekers, conditional refugees, subsidiary protection holders, international protection applicants and temporary protection beneficiaries in Turkey are subject to Turkish criminal law if they are accused of committing a crime in Turkey. Their protection status does not give them […]
1. Introduction: What Does Diplomatic Immunity Mean? Diplomatic immunity is one of the oldest and most important principles of international law. It exists to ensure that diplomatic missions can perform their functions independently, safely and effectively in the receiving state. The purpose of diplomatic immunity is not to give diplomats a personal privilege to act […]
Introduction: Do Foreigners Have Rights If They Are Accused of a Crime in Turkey? Foreigners who are accused of committing a crime in Turkey have fundamental legal rights at every stage of the criminal justice process. Being a foreign national does not mean that a person can be questioned, detained, tried, punished or deported without […]
1. Does a Foreigner Get Automatically Deported After Committing a Crime in Turkey? A foreigner who commits a crime in Turkey is not automatically deported in every case. Turkish law requires an assessment based on the nature of the alleged crime, the foreigner’s legal status in Turkey, public order and public security concerns, criminal conviction, […]
1. What Does Applicable Law Mean in Private International Law? Applicable law in private international law refers to the national legal system that governs a private law dispute containing a foreign element. When a legal relationship is connected with more than one country, the court cannot automatically assume that its own domestic law applies. Instead, […]
In international commercial relations, disputes rarely involve a simple question of who is right or wrong. The real issue is usually broader: which country’s law will apply, where the dispute will be resolved, how long the process will take, whether the outcome will remain confidential, and most importantly, whether the final result can be enforced […]