Introduction Public-private partnership projects are commonly used to deliver infrastructure and public services that require substantial capital, specialised technology and long-term operation. In Türkiye, PPP structures have been used in sectors such as transportation, healthcare, energy, airports, ports, tunnels, bridges, roads, rail systems, water infrastructure and other large-scale public facilities. A typical PPP project may […]
Introduction Arbitration has become an increasingly important method of dispute resolution for businesses operating in Turkey. Companies involved in construction, infrastructure, energy, technology, manufacturing, transportation, international trade, corporate transactions and financial services frequently include arbitration clauses in their commercial contracts. However, parties often use the terms domestic arbitration and international arbitration without fully understanding the […]
Introduction International arbitration has become the preferred dispute resolution mechanism for businesses engaged in cross-border commerce, foreign investment, construction, energy, maritime transportation, finance, and international trade. One of arbitration’s greatest advantages is that arbitral awards can often be recognized and enforced across national borders more easily than foreign court judgments. Turkey is an important commercial […]
Introduction Residence permit transfer in Turkey is the legal process of changing from one residence permit type to another when the foreigner’s purpose of stay changes. In Turkish immigration practice, this is commonly called a transition application or transfer application through the e-Residence system. A foreigner may need to transfer from student residence to short-term […]
Introduction The e-Residence system in Turkey is the official online platform used by foreigners to apply for residence permits. Foreigners who wish to stay in Turkey longer than their visa, visa exemption or ninety-day legal stay period must generally apply for a residence permit. The e-Residence system allows foreigners to start residence permit procedures online, […]
Introduction Mobile applications have become one of the most important advertising environments in Turkey. Consumers use mobile apps for shopping, food delivery, gaming, banking, travel, fitness, education, entertainment, social media, messaging, health services, subscription services and financial transactions. As a result, advertising is no longer limited to banners, television commercials or websites. It now appears […]
Introduction Claiming compensation in Turkey is a legal process through which an injured person, company, employee, consumer, patient, investor or foreigner seeks financial recovery for damage caused by another party. Compensation claims may arise from traffic accidents, workplace accidents, medical malpractice, breach of contract, defective goods or services, commercial disputes, unlawful acts, defamation, personal injury, […]
Introduction Corporate governance principles for listed companies in Turkey are a central part of Turkish capital market regulation. A company whose shares are traded on Borsa İstanbul is not managed only for the interests of controlling shareholders or board members. It must operate under a transparent, accountable, fair and responsible governance structure that protects investors, […]
Introduction Children’s inheritance rights under Turkish law are among the most important subjects of Turkish succession law. When a parent dies, children are usually the first and strongest legal heirs. Turkish inheritance law gives children equal inheritance rights regardless of gender, age or economic condition. A son and a daughter inherit equally. A child who […]
Introduction Subcontracting in logistics is one of the most common and legally complex practices in the transportation of goods. In modern international trade, the company that contracts with the shipper is often not the same company that physically carries the goods. A freight forwarder may contract with a road carrier. A road carrier may subcontract […]