Introduction Cyberbullying, online harassment and threats under Turkish criminal law have become increasingly important as social media, messaging applications, online gaming platforms, e-mail, forums and digital communication tools have become part of daily life. A person may be insulted on Instagram, threatened through WhatsApp, stalked through fake accounts, harassed by repeated messages, blackmailed with private […]
Introduction Personal data breaches and cybercrime under Turkish law are closely connected. A cyberattack may start as unauthorized access to an information system, but it often becomes a personal data breach when customer records, employee files, identity information, passwords, financial data, health records, e-mail addresses, private messages or user accounts are accessed, copied, transferred, encrypted, […]
Introduction Online identity theft in Turkey has become one of the most serious legal risks of the digital era. A person’s identity can now be stolen, imitated or misused through social media accounts, e-mail addresses, mobile phone numbers, online banking credentials, fake websites, forged digital documents, phishing messages, e-commerce accounts, cryptocurrency platforms and personal data […]
Introduction Social media account hacking in Turkey has become one of the most common forms of cybercrime affecting individuals, influencers, businesses, lawyers, doctors, e-commerce sellers, public figures and companies. Instagram, Facebook, X, TikTok, LinkedIn, YouTube, WhatsApp and Telegram accounts are no longer used only for personal communication. They may contain private messages, photographs, client communications, […]
Introduction Digital evidence has become one of the most decisive forms of proof in Turkish criminal proceedings. In modern criminal files, evidence may no longer be limited to witness statements, physical documents, fingerprints or camera footage. Mobile phones, computers, e-mail accounts, social media profiles, cloud storage, server logs, IP records, bank transactions, messaging applications, digital […]
Introduction Cybersecurity Law in Turkey has entered a new era with the enactment of Cybersecurity Law No. 7545. As digital transformation expands across finance, healthcare, transportation, energy, telecommunications, e-commerce, public services and professional service sectors, cybersecurity is no longer a purely technical issue. It has become a legal, administrative, criminal, regulatory and corporate governance matter. […]
THE CONCEPT OF FAMILY HOME, REGISTRATION PROCEDURES, AND SPOUSE’S CONSENT Article 194 of the Turkish Civil Code (TMK) is one of the strongest regulations in family law aimed at protecting “social peace.” A family home is not merely a matter of property; it is the place where spouses live together, where children are raised, and […]
MATERIAL AND MORAL COMPENSATION IN DIVORCE A divorce case severs the marital bond between the parties, leaving behind significant financial ruin and shattered personal lives. To protect the spouse whose existing or expected interests are harmed or whose personal rights are violated due to the divorce, the legislator has regulated the institutions of material and […]
SPECIAL GROUNDS FOR DIVORCE AND PROOF REQUIREMENTS The divorce system in Turkish family law is based on the principles of “fault” and “substitution.” The legislator has divided the grounds for divorce into two categories: general and special. The “Special Grounds for Divorce,” regulated in Articles 161 to 165 of the Turkish Civil Code, are absolute […]
REASONS FOR INVALIDITY, NULLITY, AND ABSOLUTE NULLITY OF MARRIAGE A marriage contract, from the moment it is established between the parties, produces very strong legal, financial, and social consequences. However, the establishment of a marriage does not mean that it will remain legally valid for life. If the legislator determines that a marriage has serious […]