Introduction: When Can You Sell Property Purchased for Turkish Citizenship? A foreign investor who acquires real estate in Turkey for the purpose of obtaining Turkish citizenship will usually have an important question after completing the investment: “When can I sell the property?” The general answer is straightforward: A property used to qualify for Turkish citizenship […]
Introduction: Can a Foreign Entrepreneur Establish a Technology Company in Turkey? Turkey has become an increasingly relevant jurisdiction for international entrepreneurs seeking to establish software, SaaS, artificial intelligence, mobile application, fintech, healthtech, e-commerce and other technology-driven businesses. From a corporate law perspective, Turkey is relatively open to foreign investment. The Turkish foreign direct investment framework […]
Introduction: Can a Foreigner Start a Startup in Turkey? Yes. Foreign entrepreneurs may generally establish and own startup companies in Turkey, and in most ordinary business sectors there is no general requirement to have a Turkish co-founder or shareholder. Turkey’s foreign direct investment framework is based on the principle of equal treatment. International investors may […]
Buying an off-plan property means purchasing something that may exist only on architectural drawings, promotional brochures, computer-generated images, model apartments or promises made by the developer. This makes trust particularly important. A buyer may agree to purchase an apartment because it is advertised as having a certain size, view, balcony, floor plan, ceiling height, parking […]
When a car can record where you go, how you drive and even who is inside the vehicle, who may legally use that information? Modern vehicles are no longer merely transportation devices. Connected cars increasingly operate as sophisticated digital platforms combining sensors, cameras, microphones, navigation systems, telematics, mobile applications, artificial intelligence and internet connectivity. As […]
Introduction The acquisition of an Airbus A320, Boeing 737, Gulfstream, Bombardier Global, Dassault Falcon, Embraer, or any other commercial or private aircraft is legally far more complex than an ordinary sale of movable property. Due to the multimillion-dollar value of aircraft, international registration systems, airworthiness requirements, financing structures, mortgages, rights over engines and equipment, export […]
International Commercial Arbitration in Cross-Border Transactions: Jurisdiction, Applicable Law and Enforcement of Awards When companies negotiate an international contract, the arbitration clause is often treated as boilerplate. Commercial teams spend weeks negotiating price, delivery obligations, warranties, limitation of liability, financing arrangements and termination rights. The dispute-resolution clause may receive only a few minutes of attention […]
Within the complex administrative framework of United States immigration law, few executive initiatives have generated as much systemic debate, extensive litigation, and socioeconomic impact as the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program. Initiated on June 15, 2012, through an executive memorandum issued under prosecutorial discretion guidelines by the Department of Homeland Security, DACA represents a […]
Within the sovereign architectural framework of United States immigration law, entry into the country is not an absolute right but a tightly regulated, time-bound administrative privilege. When an international professional, student, or traveler crosses an immigration boundary, their temporal parameters are strictly logged. A widespread and legally catastrophic misconception among foreign nationals is that the […]
In the immediate aftermath of a motor vehicle collision, a slip and fall incident, or an instance of medical malpractice, an injured party is instantly thrust into an adversarial civil justice system. To secure equitable financial compensation through a settlement or a jury verdict, the law does not rely on simple assertions of pain or […]