What Law Applies When Foreigners Enter into Contracts in Türkiye and When Turkish Citizens Enter into Contracts with Foreigners? Are Turkish Courts Competent to Hear Contractual Disputes? Contracts involving a foreign element are among the most common areas of international private law. The fact that one of the parties is a foreign national, that the […]
Which Law Governs the Capacity, Guardianship, Restriction and Trusteeship of Foreign Nationals, and When Are Turkish Courts Competent? Metni birebir kelime kelime çevirmek yerine, MÖHUK (Turkish Private International Law) terminolojisini İngilizce hukuk diline uygun şekilde aktaracağım. Özellikle ehliyet → legal capacity, vesayet → guardianship, kısıtlılık → restriction of legal capacity, kayyımlık → trusteeship/curatorship, millî hukuk […]
Cross-border transit, international trade, and the movement of personal assets involve complex customs controls that protect national market stability and border integrity. For foreign nationals, expats, and corporate entities operating within Turkey, familiarity with local penal statutes is crucial. Missteps at terminal entry gates or misinterpretations of transit documentation can lead directly to severe interactions […]
M&A in Turkey: Legal Due Diligence Tips for Foreign Buyers Turkey has become a key market for cross-border mergers and acquisitions, especially for strategic investors and private equity funds looking for growth and regional expansion. A young population, dynamic domestic demand and a strategic location between Europe, Asia and the Middle East make Turkish targets […]
When a foreign creditor starts enforcement proceedings in Turkey and the Turkish debtor objects to the payment order, the enforcement automatically stops. At that point, the foreign creditor has two main legal remedies under Turkish Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law: Both remedies are subject to strict time limits and different evidentiary rules, so choosing correctly is […]
Foreign creditors who have outstanding receivables from debtors in Turkey can use the Turkish enforcement and bankruptcy system to collect their claims. The fact that the creditor is not resident in Turkey, or is a foreign company or individual, does not prevent them from starting enforcement proceedings, as long as certain procedural and jurisdictional requirements […]
When a foreign debtor receives a payment order (ödeme emri) from a Turkish enforcement office, the rules on objection are essentially the same as for Turkish nationals. The critical points are time limits, form, and the distinction between objection to the debt and objection to the signature. 1. Service of the Payment Order and Time […]
In Turkey, a vekaletname (power of attorney – “PoA”) is a very practical tool for foreigners who need legal acts to be carried out on their behalf without being physically present. It is widely used in real estate purchases, court proceedings, company formation, banking, and many other transactions. However, because a PoA gives very strong […]
Deadlock (Kilitlenme) Mechanisms: Shoot-out, Russian Roulette, Mediation & Arbitration Solutions in Turkish Joint Ventures For foreign investors entering 50–50 partnerships in Türkiye, deadlock (kilitlenme) mechanisms: shoot-out, Russian roulette, mediation & arbitration çözümleri are essential tools to prevent a promising joint venture from becoming permanently paralysed. In a typical Turkish structure, two shareholders each hold 50% […]