Introduction AML and KYC compliance has become one of the most critical legal issues for fintech companies operating in Turkey. As payment institutions, electronic money institutions, digital wallets, crypto asset platforms, open banking providers, embedded finance businesses, online lending platforms, marketplace payment systems, and cross-border remittance services continue to grow, regulators expect fintech companies to […]
Introduction Crypto asset regulation in Turkey has entered a new and much stricter phase. For many years, crypto exchanges and wallet-related businesses operated in a developing legal environment where anti-money laundering duties and payment restrictions existed, but there was no detailed capital markets framework specifically designed for crypto asset service providers. This changed significantly with […]
Introduction Banking as a Service, commonly known as BaaS, is one of the most important legal and commercial developments in modern financial technology. It allows a licensed bank to provide banking services through the digital interface of another company. This structure enables fintech platforms, e-commerce businesses, digital marketplaces, mobility companies, loyalty programs, accounting software providers, […]
Introduction Digital banking law in Turkey has become one of the most important legal areas within the fintech and banking sectors. As customers increasingly prefer mobile applications, online onboarding, instant financial services, embedded finance solutions, and branchless banking models, Turkish banking regulation has adapted to allow banks to operate without traditional physical branches. This transformation […]
Introduction Electronic money institutions have become one of the most important pillars of the fintech ecosystem in Turkey. As digital wallets, prepaid balances, app-based payment accounts, stored-value products, merchant payment solutions, loyalty-based payment systems, online marketplaces, and embedded finance models continue to expand, businesses must understand whether their activities fall within the legal definition of […]
Introduction Payment services law in Turkey has become one of the most important areas of financial technology regulation. As digital wallets, online payment gateways, electronic money institutions, mobile applications, marketplace payment solutions, open banking tools, and cross-border money transfer models continue to grow, companies operating in the payment ecosystem must understand the legal framework before […]
Introduction Fintech law has become one of the most important areas of modern financial regulation. As technology changes the way people pay, borrow, invest, transfer money, trade digital assets, verify identity, and access banking services, financial technology companies must operate within a complex legal framework. Fintech is not only a technology business; it is also […]
Introduction Drug possession and drug trafficking are two of the most important categories of drug-related offenses under Turkish criminal law. Although both involve narcotic or psychotropic substances, they are treated very differently in terms of legal classification, criminal liability, penalties, procedural consequences, and defense strategy. The distinction between drug possession for personal use and drug […]
Introduction Turkey is home to many international students who come for university education, language programs, exchange programs, and postgraduate studies. While studying in Turkey can offer valuable academic and cultural opportunities, international students must also understand that Turkish criminal law applies to them in the same way it applies to Turkish citizens. Drug-related offenses are […]
Introduction Drug crimes at airports and borders in Turkey are treated very seriously under Turkish criminal law. Because Turkey is located between Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, airports, border gates, seaports, cargo areas, and transit routes may become important locations in narcotics investigations. Foreign travelers may therefore face serious legal risks if they are […]