Introduction Acquiring a publicly held or listed Turkish company is fundamentally different from acquiring a privately held business. In a private M&A transaction, the buyer and seller can negotiate the acquisition largely through a share purchase agreement and coordinate closing among a limited number of shareholders. In a public M&A transaction, the acquisition may affect […]
Introduction International energy transactions have traditionally been associated with complex issues of pricing, transportation, financing, political risk and long-term supply security. Today, however, another legal consideration has become equally important: international sanctions and export controls. A transaction involving crude oil, natural gas, LNG, drilling equipment, turbines, compressors or energy-sector software may appear commercially straightforward while […]
Introduction Mining projects are among the most capital-intensive, technically complex and legally exposed investments in the global economy. A large-scale mine may require hundreds of millions—or several billions—of dollars in financing before commercial production generates sufficient cash flow to repay lenders and provide returns to investors. Unlike conventional corporate financing, the credit analysis of a […]
A Legal Guide to Cross-Border Petroleum and Natural Gas Transactions in the Turkish Energy Market Turkey occupies a strategically significant position between major oil and natural gas producing regions in the Middle East, the Caspian Basin, Russia and Central Asia on the one hand, and major European energy-consuming markets on the other. Its geographical position, […]
Licensing Disputes, State Intervention, Contractual Breaches and Investor-State Arbitration Turkey occupies a strategically important position in international energy and natural resources markets. Its location between major energy-producing regions and European markets, substantial renewable energy potential, mining reserves, electricity infrastructure, natural gas network and growing demand for energy have attracted significant foreign investment. Foreign investors may […]
Foreign Investment in Türkiye’s Energy and Mining Sectors: Licensing, Regulatory Approvals and Investor Protection Türkiye occupies a strategically important position between Europe, Central Asia, the Middle East and the Eastern Mediterranean. Its growing electricity market, substantial renewable energy potential, mineral resources, developing natural gas infrastructure and proximity to major energy corridors continue to make the […]
Introduction Carve-out transactions are increasingly used in Turkey where a company wishes to separate one business line from the rest of its operations before a sale, investment, joint venture or internal restructuring. Unlike the acquisition of a standalone company, a carve-out requires the parties first to determine exactly what constitutes the business being transferred. The […]
Introduction Acquisition financing is a central part of many private equity and strategic M&A transactions in Turkey. Instead of financing the entire purchase price with equity, an investor may combine its own capital with bank loans, shareholder financing or other debt. Where debt forms a significant part of the purchase price, the transaction is commonly […]
International Asset Division in Divorce: Foreign Real Estate, Bank Accounts, Corporate Interests and Hidden Wealth International marriages increasingly produce international divorces—and international divorces rarely involve assets located in only one country. A couple may live in Türkiye, own an apartment in London, maintain bank accounts in Switzerland or Germany, hold shares in a company incorporated […]
International divorce disputes do not necessarily end when the divorce judgment becomes final. In many cross-border cases, the more difficult stage begins afterwards: collecting spousal maintenance, child support, compensation or other monetary awards from a former spouse who lives, works or holds assets in another country. A maintenance order issued in Türkiye does not automatically […]