For foreign groups with operations in Turkey, a personal data breach is not just an IT problem – it is a regulatory event under both KVKK (Turkey’s Personal Data Protection Law) and, often, GDPR as well. The most critical window is the first 72 hours after becoming aware of a breach. In that time, foreign […]
GDPR vs. KVKK: What Foreign Companies in Turkey Really Need to Comply With If you ask most foreign headquarters whether their Turkish operations are “privacy compliant”, the answer is usually: “We already comply with GDPR, so we’re fine in Turkey as well.” Legally, that is not correct. For foreign companies active in Turkey – through […]
Double taxation is not just a theoretical concern in textbooks; it is a real economic risk that can significantly reduce the net return of foreign investments. It arises because different countries exercise their taxing powers based on residence and source, sometimes simultaneously, and because domestic rules are not automatically aligned.
Handled correctly, Turkish tax law does not have to be a trap – it can be a competitive advantage that increases your net return instead of eroding it.
COLLISION IN MARITIME LAW (A Comprehensive Study on the Law of Ship Collisions) 1. Introduction With the development of maritime transportation, ship collisions at sea (“collisions”) have come to bear serious consequences both in terms of property and human life. For this reason, the issue of collision has been subjected to special regulations within maritime […]
Definition, Legal Nature, and Turkish Supreme Court Practice I. Introduction Maritime trade, an inherently international and high-risk sector carrying a significant portion of global trade volume, relies heavily on the charterparty (contract of carriage by sea) as one of its fundamental agreements. In the Turkish Commercial Code (Law No. 6102, “TCC”), maritime trade is regulated […]
Introduction: Rising Vape Use and Heightened Customs Enforcement Electronic cigarettes, disposable vapes, pods, and flavored liquids have become increasingly popular worldwide. Many foreign tourists and residents arriving in Türkiye carry: However, Türkiye imposes strict import controls on all tobacco-related and nicotine-bearing products. This means that vape devices and liquids—regardless of whether they contain nicotine—can trigger: […]
Introduction: Türkiye’s Export Market and the Role of Samples Türkiye is a major global supplier in sectors such as: Foreign companies frequently request sample products from Turkish manufacturers to evaluate: Sending commercial samples abroad is permitted and commonly practiced. However, Turkish exporters sometimes ship samples without declaring them properly, either: When Turkish customs detects that […]
Introduction: A Common but Legally Risky Tourist Practice Türkiye welcomes millions of foreign tourists each year, many of whom rent vehicles for: Some tourists bring from abroad: While travelers often view these items as minor personal belongings, Turkish customs evaluates them under strict import rules. Depending on quantity, packaging, and intended use, foreign tourists may […]
Introduction: A Unique Legal Situation for Returning Turkish Citizens and Their Foreign Spouses Each year, thousands of Turkish citizens living abroad return to Türkiye temporarily or permanently, often accompanied by their foreign spouses. During these visits or relocations, they bring: Although these items are typically intended for personal and family use, Turkish customs laws impose […]