Introduction: why land is the first real “permit” in energy In Turkish energy projects—solar (GES), wind (RES), geothermal, hydro, biomass, storage, pipelines, substations, and transmission lines—the critical path often starts with land. Grid connection may be the headline risk, but land tenure is the risk that quietly kills timelines: an unbankable lease, a missing corridor […]
1) Why EIA litigation has become a “project-critical” risk in Turkey In Turkey, energy projects are built on a chain of public approvals: licensing and grid connection, land use and zoning, forestry/pasture permissions, and—very often—Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) decisions issued under the ÇED system. When an EIA decision is challenged and annulled, the impact is […]
1) Why “energy storage licensing” in Turkey is not a single license In Turkey, energy storage is regulated as a set of legally distinct models, each with different permissions, grid-connection rules, settlement treatment, and compliance risks. The phrase “energy storage license” is often used in the market, but in practice you will usually fall into […]
1) Why carbon pricing has become a legal risk—not a sustainability slogan Carbon has turned into a regulated cost. For heavy industry, power generation, and carbon-intensive supply chains, carbon pricing is no longer limited to voluntary commitments. It is increasingly shaped by public-law obligations, market-based compliance tools, and cross-border trade measures. Two developments make Turkey’s […]
Introduction: offshore wind in Turkey is moving from “potential” to “process” Turkey has been positioning offshore wind as a long-term pillar of its energy transition, and international institutions have started to map out pathways for scaling the sector. The World Bank and partners have publicly referenced a national ambition of 5 GW of offshore wind […]
1) Why storage has become the “second engine” of renewable projects Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are no longer an optional add-on for solar (GES) and wind (RES) projects in Turkey. They are increasingly treated as a system flexibility asset—and Turkey’s regulatory framework has been evolving quickly to (i) integrate storage into licensed generation, (ii) […]
Introduction: why YEKDEM still matters for bankable renewables In Turkey, the Renewable Energy Resources Support Mechanism—widely known as YEKDEM—has been one of the most influential policy tools shaping the economics and financeability of renewable power plants. Whether your project is solar (GES), wind (RES), hydro, geothermal, or biomass, YEKDEM can determine: YEKDEM is often described […]
1) Why energy contracts break under “extraordinary events” faster than other sectors Energy projects and energy trading arrangements are unusually sensitive to disruptions. A single event can simultaneously affect permitting, construction, grid connection, fuel supply, dispatch, cash flow, and financing covenants. Unlike many industries where deliveries can be postponed with limited consequence, energy projects often […]
1) Why distribution-company disputes are different in the electricity sector Electricity is not an “ordinary” service. Turkish electricity market legislation is built around the public-interest objective of continuous, high-quality, and cost-efficient supply to consumers, under independent regulation and supervision. (epias.com.tr) That policy goal matters in court. When an electricity distribution company (“distribution company” / dağıtım […]
1) What “unlicensed generation” really means (and what it does not mean) In Turkey, unlicensed electricity generation (often referred to as “license-exempt” generation) is a legally defined pathway that allows certain real and legal persons to generate electricity without obtaining a generation license and without establishing a company solely for that purpose, provided they meet […]