1) Why EIA litigation has become a “project-critical” risk in Turkey In Turkey, energy projects are built on a chain of public approvals: licensing and grid connection, land use and zoning, forestry/pasture permissions, and—very often—Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) decisions issued under the ÇED system. When an EIA decision is challenged and annulled, the impact is […]
Introduction: land is the first “permit” in energy—yet it is rarely the simplest one Energy projects in Turkey—wind farms, solar parks, hydro plants, geothermal facilities, pipelines, substations, and transmission lines—are ultimately built on land. Even where the project company does not need full ownership, it typically needs secure, bankable land rights: ownership, easement (right of […]