The concept of General Average is more than just an ancient maritime tradition; it is a sophisticated risk-sharing mechanism that remains vital in the era of mega-container ships. As maritime adventures become larger and more complex, the legal nuances of General Average dictate how billions of dollars in potential losses are distributed among stakeholders. This […]
1. The Nature and Significance of Maritime Claims In the complex world of international shipping, maritime claims serve as the primary legal instrument for creditors to secure their rights. A maritime claim is not a standard commercial debt; it is a specialized category of claim defined under international conventions—most notably the 1999 Geneva Convention on […]
1. Introduction Seafarers—including captains, officers, deckhands, engineers, stewards, and other ship personnel—form the essential labor force behind maritime commerce. Given the harsh working conditions, prolonged periods at sea, and international legal regimes, disputes often arise concerning wages, occupational safety, termination entitlements, and damages resulting from navigational or operational errors by the captain or crew. This […]