Mining transactions in Turkey rarely fail because the parties cannot agree on price. They fail because the licensing file is not “transaction-ready”: unpaid state receivables, missing interim activity reports, an outdated on-site inspection, unapproved royalty arrangements, or an overlooked rule that treats a corporate restructuring as a “transfer” requiring ministry approval and statutory fees. If […]
Understand how ICSID arbitration works in energy disputes—from jurisdiction and consent under BITs and the Energy Charter Treaty to procedure, interim measures, damages, and enforcement. A practical guide for investors, sponsors, contractors, and energy companies managing cross-border risk. International Arbitration in Energy Projects (ICSID Processes) Energy projects are uniquely exposed to political, regulatory, and macroeconomic […]
Energy projects live and die by bankability. Lenders, sponsors, and contractors will often accept construction risk, resource risk, and even market risk—up to a point. But when the project’s entire repayment profile depends on whether electricity will be purchased at a predictable price, the legal structure behind an “energy purchase guarantee” becomes the core of […]
1) Why the natural gas market in Türkiye is a legal ecosystem (not a single contract) Operating in Türkiye’s natural gas sector is never “just” about buying and selling molecules. The moment you step into the market—whether as an importer, wholesaler, industrial offtaker, LNG terminal operator, storage investor, distribution company, or trader—you enter a tightly […]
1) Why “hybrid” is a legal concept in Turkey—not just an engineering choice In Turkey, “hybrid power plant” is not merely a technical design where two resources produce electricity at the same site. It is also a regulatory classification that determines: Turkey’s secondary legislation makes this explicit through two separate—but connected—lenses: Understanding these two lenses […]
Introduction: why land is the first real “permit” in energy In Turkish energy projects—solar (GES), wind (RES), geothermal, hydro, biomass, storage, pipelines, substations, and transmission lines—the critical path often starts with land. Grid connection may be the headline risk, but land tenure is the risk that quietly kills timelines: an unbankable lease, a missing corridor […]
1) Why “energy storage licensing” in Turkey is not a single license In Turkey, energy storage is regulated as a set of legally distinct models, each with different permissions, grid-connection rules, settlement treatment, and compliance risks. The phrase “energy storage license” is often used in the market, but in practice you will usually fall into […]
1) Why carbon pricing has become a legal risk—not a sustainability slogan Carbon has turned into a regulated cost. For heavy industry, power generation, and carbon-intensive supply chains, carbon pricing is no longer limited to voluntary commitments. It is increasingly shaped by public-law obligations, market-based compliance tools, and cross-border trade measures. Two developments make Turkey’s […]
1) Why storage has become the “second engine” of renewable projects Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are no longer an optional add-on for solar (GES) and wind (RES) projects in Turkey. They are increasingly treated as a system flexibility asset—and Turkey’s regulatory framework has been evolving quickly to (i) integrate storage into licensed generation, (ii) […]
1) Why the legal process is the project in Türkiye Turkey’s solar (GES) and wind (RES) markets attract developers, infrastructure funds, strategic investors, and corporate offtakers because the resource potential is strong and the market is structured around a regulated—but investable—framework. At the same time, a renewable project in Turkey is not “one permit + […]