Mining transactions in Turkey rarely fail because the parties cannot agree on price. They fail because the licensing file is not “transaction-ready”: unpaid state receivables, missing interim activity reports, an outdated on-site inspection, unapproved royalty arrangements, or an overlooked rule that treats a corporate restructuring as a “transfer” requiring ministry approval and statutory fees. If […]
(Maden Ruhsatının İptali ve İdari Yargı Davaları) Mining projects in Turkey are capital-intensive, permit-heavy, and time-sensitive. A single administrative decision—cancellation of an exploration or operating license (ruhsat iptali)—can stop operations overnight, freeze financing, disrupt supply contracts, and trigger cascading disputes with contractors, landowners, off-takers, and joint-venture partners. This guide explains how and why mining licenses […]
Mining projects in Türkiye can be highly attractive—but only if the licensing path, legal status of mineral rights, and compliance “checkpoints” are understood from day one. Turkish mining law is structured, centralized, and documentation-driven. A single missed deadline (for a period report, investment proof, or an ancillary permit) can trigger administrative sanctions or even cancellation […]
Understand how ICSID arbitration works in energy disputes—from jurisdiction and consent under BITs and the Energy Charter Treaty to procedure, interim measures, damages, and enforcement. A practical guide for investors, sponsors, contractors, and energy companies managing cross-border risk. International Arbitration in Energy Projects (ICSID Processes) Energy projects are uniquely exposed to political, regulatory, and macroeconomic […]
Pipeline investments—whether for natural gas, oil, petrochemicals, district heating, water, or industrial transmission—tend to intersect with a single unavoidable reality in Türkiye: the route must cross privately owned land. That intersection triggers one of the most contentious legal workstreams in any linear infrastructure project: expropriation (kamulaştırma) and administrative easements (idarî irtifak). From a legal and […]
Energy import contracts—pipeline gas, LNG cargoes, electricity imports, petroleum products, and even coal supply arrangements linked to power generation—are rarely “ordinary” commercial deals. They sit at the intersection of cross-border payment risk, logistics, regulatory interference, sanctions exposure, and price volatility. When things go wrong, parties need a dispute forum that is neutral, technically competent, and […]
1) The distribution license is a regulated monopoly with “public service” duties In Türkiye, an intra-city natural gas distribution license is not simply a permission to operate pipes. It is a territory-based, exclusive service authorization that combines (i) network construction/operation and (ii) retail delivery of gas to customers within a defined distribution region. The Natural […]
1) Why an oil exploration licence is more than a permit In Türkiye, an oil exploration licence (in practice, “arama ruhsatı”) is not merely an administrative permission to drill. It is a petroleum right that sits at the center of a regulated ecosystem involving technical work commitments, financial guarantees, data-reporting duties, land access, environmental and […]
1) Why LNG terminals are “regulated infrastructure,” not just port assets Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) terminals sit at the junction of energy security, critical infrastructure, port operations, and market liberalization. In Turkey, that means an LNG project is never “only” an engineering and construction story. It is also a layered legal process where the wrong […]
1) Why the “legal nature” question matters in BOTAŞ contracts Parties sign contracts with BOTAŞ for very different reasons: long-term natural gas supply, LNG regasification and storage services, capacity booking in the transmission network, balancing and nomination arrangements, pipeline construction, compressor station works, engineering services, or strategic infrastructure cooperation. These deals can look similar on […]