Foreign nationals planning to come to Türkiye – whether as tourists, students, employees or long-term residents – should be aware that health insurance is not just a practical need, but often a legal requirement. The type of insurance required, and whether it must be taken out from a Turkish insurer, depends on the purpose and […]
Turkey is one of the fastest-growing e-commerce markets in its region, with large online marketplaces playing a central role in connecting consumers and sellers. For foreign sellers entering this market, online platforms offer huge commercial opportunities but also serious risks of unfair competition – from copycat stores to manipulated rankings and misleading advertising. Under Turkish […]
Dumping-like “excessive discount” campaigns are increasingly common in the Turkish market, especially in e-commerce, holiday sales and aggressive promotional periods such as “11.11” or “Black Friday”. For foreign companies operating in or targeting Türkiye, it is crucial to understand when such campaigns may cross the line from legitimate competition into unfair competition under the Turkish […]
In Turkey, a vekaletname (power of attorney – “PoA”) is a very practical tool for foreigners who need legal acts to be carried out on their behalf without being physically present. It is widely used in real estate purchases, court proceedings, company formation, banking, and many other transactions. However, because a PoA gives very strong […]
Technoparks, R&D and Other State Incentives in Turkey: Real Value and Risks for Investors For many foreign investors, Turkey’s Teknopark, R&D and other state incentives look like a free boost to valuation: tax breaks, grants and social security discounts that extend runway and improve margins. But from an investor’s perspective, the right question is not […]
Return-to-Office Mandates and Remote Work under Turkish LawAcquired “home office” practice, essential change, equality and CBAs 1. Global context: the RTO wave is real, but not absolute Internationally, especially in the US, many large employers are clearly moving away from fully-remote arrangements: At the same time, statistics show that hybrid work has become the dominant […]
Convertible Instruments in Turkish Law: How Are SAFEs and Convertible Loans Characterised? For foreign investors looking at Turkish start-ups, a recurring question is how “convertible instruments in Turkish law: how are SAFEs and convertible loans characterised?” In other words, when you sign a SAFE-style document or a convertible loan agreement with a Turkish company, are […]
Post-Investment Governance and Veto Rights: Board Structure, General Assembly and Shareholders’ Agreements For a foreign VC investing in a Turkish company, “Post-Investment Governance and Veto Rights: Board Structure, General Assembly and Shareholders’ Agreements” is not just a theoretical heading – it is the toolbox that determines how much real control and protection the investor has […]
Deadlock (Kilitlenme) Mechanisms: Shoot-out, Russian Roulette, Mediation & Arbitration Solutions in Turkish Joint Ventures For foreign investors entering 50–50 partnerships in Türkiye, deadlock (kilitlenme) mechanisms: shoot-out, Russian roulette, mediation & arbitration çözümleri are essential tools to prevent a promising joint venture from becoming permanently paralysed. In a typical Turkish structure, two shareholders each hold 50% […]