Introduction Deadlines in administrative litigation in Turkey are among the most critical issues in public law disputes. A person or company may have a strong legal argument against an unlawful administrative decision, but if the lawsuit is filed after the statutory deadline, the court may reject the case without examining the merits. For this reason, […]
Introduction Suspension of execution in Turkish administrative law is one of the most important interim legal remedies available against unlawful administrative acts. In Turkey, public authorities may issue unilateral administrative decisions that immediately affect individuals, companies, foreign investors, taxpayers, public servants, students, property owners, license holders and regulated businesses. These decisions may include deportation orders, […]
Introduction Full remedy actions in Turkey are one of the most important legal tools for individuals, companies and foreign investors who suffer damage due to the acts, actions or omissions of public authorities. In Turkish administrative law, public institutions are not immune from liability. If the administration causes damage while exercising public authority or carrying […]
Introduction Annulment actions in Turkey are among the most important legal remedies available against unlawful administrative decisions. In Turkish administrative law, public authorities have the power to issue unilateral decisions that may directly affect individuals, companies, foreign investors, property owners, civil servants, taxpayers and regulated businesses. These decisions may involve residence permits, deportation orders, tax […]
Introduction Administrative courts in Turkey play a central role in protecting individuals, companies and foreign investors against unlawful acts of public authorities. In many legal systems, disputes are mainly perceived as conflicts between private persons or companies. However, in Turkey, a significant number of legal disputes arise from decisions, actions or omissions of public institutions. […]
Introduction Administrative law in Turkey is one of the most important branches of public law because it governs the relationship between individuals, companies and public authorities. Whenever a ministry, municipality, tax office, governor’s office, regulatory authority, university, professional chamber or other public institution issues a decision, imposes an administrative fine, rejects an application, cancels a […]
The phenomenon of fraud, when projected onto an international canvas, ceases to be a mere domestic criminal transgression and evolves into a formidable challenge for Private International Law (PIL) and International Civil Procedure. Within the specific context of the Republic of Turkey—a bridge between diverging legal traditions and a hub for cross-border financial flows—transnational fraud necessitates a rigorous […]
Introduction Evidence is often the decisive factor in Turkish consumer disputes. A consumer may be legally right, but if the claim cannot be proven with invoices, screenshots, expert reports, written notices, service records, delivery documents, or payment evidence, the case may become difficult. Turkish Consumer Law provides strong remedies for defective goods, defective services, online […]
Introduction Door-to-door sales and off-premises contracts are among the most sensitive areas of Turkish Consumer Law. These transactions often occur outside ordinary commercial settings, such as at the consumer’s home, workplace, school, hospital, hotel, public event, promotional meeting, excursion, fair, or another place where the consumer does not expect to make a purchase. Because the […]
Introduction Installment sales contracts in Turkey are a major part of daily consumer life. Consumers frequently buy furniture, electronics, white goods, mobile phones, computers, home appliances, education packages, beauty services, medical packages, vehicle accessories, household products, and many other goods or services by paying the price in parts rather than in one payment. For consumers, […]