Executive Summary Table of Contents Key Legal Sources & Concepts Individual Tax Residence & Full vs. Limited Taxpayer Status 1) The Core Rule 2) Determining Residence for Individuals Key factors commonly considered under Turkish law and practice: 3) Typical Individual Income Categories (GVK Framework) Residents declare worldwide income subject to domestic exemptions, allowances, and progressive […]
Executive Summary Doing business in Turkey requires precise contracts, fast reaction to default (temerrüt) and defect (ayıp) issues, and smart dispute-resolution choices. This guide distills the must-have clauses for B2B agreements, explains how to preserve your rights when performance is late or defective, and shows how to leverage mandatory commercial mediation, ISTAC/ICC arbitration, interim measures, […]
Key Takeaways: 1) Why Türkiye — and how foreign investment actually works Türkiye offers a large domestic market, an EU‑adjacent customs regime, a sophisticated financial sector, and a digitized company‑law infrastructure. Crucially for foreign founders, the equal‑treatment principle applies: foreign investors generally enjoy the same rights as domestic investors without a local‑partner requirement. In practice, […]
Is it really “trending” now? Yes—interest from Chinese nationals in Turkish real estate has risen in the last 2–3 years, particularly for Istanbul, Antalya, and parts of the Aegean coast. While the top nationalities by purchase volume still tend to be Russians, Iranians, and Ukrainians, official data show foreign-home transactions overall and their nationality mix […]
1) The concrete scenario 2) Point-by-point application of Yargıtay’s holdings A) Unjustified deviation from the statutory minimum (proportionality & individualized reasoning) What the ruling says in substanceWhen the amount is small, the method has no special feature, and considering the importance and value of the goods, courts must respect individualization of punishment and consistency with […]
Concrete Case Scenario (Adapted to Practice) File: Istanbul (Küçükçekmece) Chief Public Prosecutor, 2025/…, transferred to … Criminal Court of First Instance (Asliye Ceza).Client: M.K., 34, private sector employee with a clean record.Facts as Recorded in the Seizure Minutes: Strategic Relevance of the Facts: Legal Framework in Short 1) The Norm: Law No. 5607 (Anti-Smuggling) Prosecutors […]
Table of Contents 1) Introduction: Why Transplantation Law and Policy Matter Organ and tissue transplantation is one of the most regulated interfaces between medicine and law. It embodies high-stakes ethical choices—balancing the autonomy of donors, the welfare of recipients, and societal commitments to fairness, transparency, and safety. Because demand chronically exceeds supply, every rule—from how […]
Summary: As of October 27, 2025, countries take five broad approaches to end-of-life law: (1) full prohibition; (2) decriminalization of assisted suicide only (e.g., Switzerland, Germany via constitutional ruling); (3) tightly regulated assisted dying (self-administration) but not active euthanasia (e.g., New Zealand, many U.S. states, Australia (states)); (4) fully regulated euthanasia and assisted dying (e.g., […]
Summary: Medical malpractice in Turkey arises when a healthcare professional or institution breaches the lex artis (the professional standard of care), causing compensable damage to a patient. Claims can be pursued (i) civilly against private providers/doctors for monetary compensation, (ii) administratively against public hospitals for “service fault,” (iii) criminally in cases of negligent injury/death, and […]
Summary: 1) Why smuggling of medical products is a priority risk in Turkey Medical products—medicines (beşerî tıbbi ürünler) and medical devices (tıbbi cihazlar)—sit at the intersection of public health protection and customs/market surveillance. Turkey’s regime combines: This interplay means even seemingly minor paperwork gaps can escalate into smuggling charges, confiscation, and parallel regulatory sanctions. 2) […]