Introduction The Korean Pop (K-Pop) industry has become a global cultural and economic phenomenon. Beyond music, K-Pop thrives on highly curated visual designs, including group logos, stage outfits, choreography aesthetics, and even the personal branding of idols. These elements constitute essential assets in shaping fan loyalty and sustaining commercial success. As a result, the protection […]
Introduction The rise of “patent trolls,” formally known as Patent Assertion Entities (PAEs), has significantly shaped the global landscape of intellectual property litigation. These entities do not produce goods or services but acquire patents with the primary aim of enforcing them against alleged infringers. While PAEs are most prevalent in the United States, their influence […]
Introduction Deepfake and personal data in Turkey has become a critical legal issue as artificial intelligence tools create realistic but false audio and video content. Such manipulation often involves the unlawful processing of biometric data—faces, voices, and images—which are protected under Turkish data protection law. Victims of deepfake misuse not only face reputational harm but […]
Introduction Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a transformative force in the medical field, powering diagnostic tools, predictive analytics, personalized treatment, and drug discovery. As these technologies evolve, so does the debate over their protection under intellectual property law. The central question is whether medical AI software should be treated merely as software (often excluded from […]
Introduction Influencer marketing has become one of the dominant strategies in digital advertising, leveraging social media personalities to promote brands to targeted audiences. While this strategy offers direct access to niche consumer groups and boosts engagement, it carries inherent risks. Overexposure, lack of authenticity, and reputational misalignments may gradually erode brand equity rather than strengthen […]
Introduction Advances in artificial intelligence have made it possible to digitally “resurrect” deceased artists, reproducing their voices, appearances, and artistic styles. From AI-generated songs imitating Elvis Presley to holographic performances of Tupac Shakur, technology blurs the boundary between homage and exploitation. While these practices fascinate audiences and generate new commercial opportunities, they raise complex intellectual […]
Introduction Social media account hacking in Turkey has become an increasingly common form of online fraud. Typically, fraudsters gain unauthorized access to a person’s social media account (Instagram, WhatsApp, Facebook, etc.) and then impersonate the victim. Once inside, they contact the victim’s family, friends, or colleagues, requesting urgent money transfers under false pretenses such as […]
1. Introduction Fraud through fake advertisement websites has become a common method of cyber-enabled crime. Offenders create websites imitating legitimate e-commerce or property platforms, attract victims with false advertisements, demand advance payments, and then disappear. In some cases, the sites are designed to steal personal or banking data. 2. Legal Framework a) Criminal Law b) […]
Introduction Deposit fraud in Turkey (commonly known as kapora fraud) is one of the most frequent types of fraud encountered in real estate, car sales, and second-hand online platforms. Fraudsters typically publish an attractive advertisement for a house, car, or electronic item, ask the potential buyer to transfer a deposit (kapora) to “reserve” the product, […]
Introduction Reaction videos—content in which creators record themselves responding to music, films, video clips, or other media—have become one of the most popular formats on platforms like YouTube and Twitch. These videos blend commentary, criticism, and entertainment, attracting millions of views. However, their popularity has sparked significant legal debate: are reaction videos transformative works protected […]