1. Introduction Turkey has become one of the most attractive destinations for foreign entrepreneurs seeking to establish a legal and operational base between Europe, Asia and the Middle East. The country’s growing economy, customs union with the European Union for industrial goods, wide logistics network, and investor-friendly legal reforms have turned it into a regional […]
1. Overview: Why Visa Overstay in Turkey Is Not a “Small Problem” Turkey attracts millions of visitors every year for tourism, business, education and long-term residence. Precisely because travel to Turkey has become so frequent and convenient, many foreigners underestimate the consequences of overstaying a visa, a visa-exempt period or a residence permit. Under Turkish […]
When a foreign creditor sues you or starts enforcement in Turkey, you are not completely unprotected. In many situations, Turkish law allows you to insist that the foreign claimant first deposits a security for costs (teminat) before the case or enforcement can move forward. This mechanism – often called cautio judicatum solvi – can be […]
When a foreign debtor is faced with court or enforcement proceedings in Turkey, a very common first reaction is:“My domicile is not in Turkey, my commercial center is abroad, therefore you cannot start proceedings here.” Under Turkish law, things are more nuanced. International jurisdiction is governed mainly by the Code of Civil Procedure (HMK) and […]
When a foreign creditor starts court or enforcement proceedings in Turkey, it is common for the Turkish debtor to respond with a jurisdiction objection such as: “Turkish courts are not competent, our contract sends disputes to a foreign court / mediation / arbitration.” This does not automatically kill your case, but it changes the strategy. […]
Artificial intelligence is rapidly transforming pharmaceutical R&D, from target identification to molecule design and clinical prediction. For foreign investors building AI-driven drug discovery platforms, Turkey can be both a development hub and a strategic IP jurisdiction – but only if you structure patent and software protection correctly under Turkish law. This overview explains how AI-based […]
It is increasingly common for companies or individuals to be declared bankrupt in one country while still holding significant assets in another. If your debtor has been placed into insolvency or bankruptcy proceedings abroad but owns real estate, bank accounts or shares in Turkey, you cannot simply assume that the foreign insolvency automatically “covers” the […]
Many foreign creditors believe that once they have a final court judgment or arbitral award from their own country, they can immediately seize assets in Turkey. Under Turkish law this is not possible. Before you can start “ilamlı icra” (enforcement based on a judgment) in Turkey, you must usually obtain a recognition and enforcement decision […]
Turkey’s citizenship by investment programme allows foreigners to acquire Turkish nationality through qualifying real estate purchases, bank deposits or other forms of investment. When the investment is genuine and properly documented, this route can be stable and long term. However, if the investment is built on fake or inflated valuations, sham payment flows or “cash-back” […]