1. Introduction: Why Look at Startup Investments in Turkey? In recent years, Turkey has become far more than a low-cost production center. A young population, strong engineering talent, widespread smartphone use and an active e-commerce and fintech scene have created a fertile environment for ambitious technology companies. As a result, startup investments in Turkey now […]
1. Why the Choice of Company Type Matters for Foreign Investors Many foreign investors initially believe that company type is a purely “formal” question. In practice, the choice between a limited or joint stock company in Turkey affects at least five critical areas: Looking only at initial incorporation cost can be misleading. The real impact […]
1. Introduction: Why Choice of Law and Jurisdiction Clauses Matter in Turkey Cross-border business with Turkish companies is no longer an exception; it is the norm. Foreign investors routinely sign distribution, agency, franchise, share purchase, supply, construction and service contracts with Turkish counterparties. When a dispute arises, two deceptively simple questions suddenly become crucial: If […]
1. Why buy company shares in Turkey? Acquiring shares in an existing Turkish company (rather than establishing a new entity) is often chosen because: On the other hand, the buyer also takes over the history and hidden risks of the company: tax exposures, social security debts, litigation, regulatory non-compliance, and even criminal risks in some […]
1. Introduction: Why Foreign Defendants Need to Understand Turkish Criminal Procedure Turkey is a transit and destination country for tourism, trade, investments and migration. Every year millions of foreign nationals enter Turkey for business, holidays, education or long-term residence. This intense international mobility also means that foreign nationals may occasionally become involved in criminal investigations […]
1. Why Enforcement in Turkey Matters International trade, migration, investment and digital commerce mean that disputes are no longer confined to one country. A company may litigate in London or arbitrate in Dubai, but the losing party’s assets may ultimately be found in Turkey. In that scenario, the winning party quickly discovers a crucial truth […]
Turkey has become a key market for international investors in sectors such as technology, logistics, real estate, tourism, manufacturing and energy. Many foreign investors choose to partner with Turkish entrepreneurs and set up a Turkish company with foreign and local shareholders together. These partnerships can be very profitable, but when expectations are not aligned, they […]
1. Legal Framework of Online Shopping in Turkey 1.1 Consumer Protection Law – Law No. 6502 The backbone of consumer protection in Turkey is the Law on Consumer Protection No. 6502. This statute sets out the general rules on: For online shopping, the provisions on distance contracts and defective goods/services are particularly important. 1.2 Distance […]
Divorce in Turkey vs. Recognition of a Foreign Divorce Decree(“Tanıma” and “Tenfiz” Explained for Foreigners) If you have connections to Turkey – a Turkish spouse, Turkish citizenship, property or children living here – the way your divorce is handled can have very different consequences. Broadly, there are two main paths: Understanding the distinction is essential […]