Introduction Judicial review of Turkish Competition Board decisions is a crucial part of Turkish competition law enforcement. The Turkish Competition Authority investigates restrictive agreements, cartels, abuse of dominance, merger control violations, resale price maintenance, digital market conduct, on-site inspection obstruction, information request violations and procedural infringements. At the end of these processes, the Turkish Competition […]
Introduction Beauty, aesthetic, cosmetic, and hair transplant services in Turkey have become a major area of consumer and health law. Consumers may receive services such as hair transplantation, laser hair removal, skin care, Botox, fillers, mesotherapy, PRP, dental aesthetics, rhinoplasty, liposuction, breast aesthetics, eyelid surgery, body contouring, cosmetic dermatology, beauty salon treatments, and other appearance-focused […]
Introduction Price transparency is one of the most important principles of Turkish Consumer Law. A consumer must know the real price of a product or service before deciding to buy it. If a business hides fees, uses unclear labels, changes the price at the cashier, fails to display service charges, presents misleading discounts, or adds […]
Introduction Consumer Courts in Turkey play a central role in resolving disputes between consumers and commercial actors such as sellers, suppliers, service providers, banks, insurance companies, online platforms, private schools, private hospitals, travel agencies, vehicle dealers, repair services, and subscription-based businesses. While many lower-value disputes are handled by Consumer Arbitration Committees, higher-value or more complex […]
Introduction Processing children’s personal data under Turkish Personal Data Protection Law requires a more careful and protective approach than ordinary personal data processing. Children use mobile applications, online games, social media platforms, education technologies, school portals, healthcare systems, sports club platforms, e-commerce services, digital learning tools, video platforms, messaging services, and artificial intelligence tools at […]
Introduction Medical negligence in sports is one of the most serious and legally complex issues in modern sports law. Athletes depend on doctors, physiotherapists, rehabilitation specialists, strength and conditioning coaches, sports scientists and club medical departments to protect their health and careers. A wrong diagnosis, delayed treatment, unsafe injection, negligent rehabilitation plan or premature return-to-play […]
Introduction Fintech companies in Turkey operate in a highly regulated environment where business growth, investor exit, insolvency risk, and customer protection are legally connected. A fintech platform may appear to be a technology company from the outside, but under Turkish law its activities may involve payment services, electronic money issuance, crypto asset services, data processing, […]
Introduction Cloud services are now essential for fintech companies in Turkey. Payment institutions, electronic money institutions, digital banks, Banking-as-a-Service providers, crypto asset service providers, open banking platforms, digital lending companies, RegTech vendors, InsurTech platforms, merchant acquiring businesses, and financial software providers rely on cloud infrastructure for scalability, security, analytics, data storage, disaster recovery, application hosting, […]
Introduction Buy Now Pay Later, commonly known as BNPL, is one of the fastest-growing financial technology models in digital commerce. It allows consumers to purchase goods or services immediately and pay the price later, either in installments or through a deferred payment plan. BNPL services are attractive because they offer convenience, quick approval, digital onboarding, […]
Introduction Banking as a Service, commonly known as BaaS, is one of the most important legal and commercial developments in modern financial technology. It allows a licensed bank to provide banking services through the digital interface of another company. This structure enables fintech platforms, e-commerce businesses, digital marketplaces, mobility companies, loyalty programs, accounting software providers, […]