1. Why Enforcement in Turkey Matters International trade, migration, investment and digital commerce mean that disputes are no longer confined to one country. A company may litigate in London or arbitrate in Dubai, but the losing party’s assets may ultimately be found in Turkey. In that scenario, the winning party quickly discovers a crucial truth […]
Tax Residency and Double Taxation in Turkey: “Will I Pay Tax on My Worldwide Income?” If you are a digital nomad, long-stay visitor or retiree in Turkey, the key question is simple: once you become a Turkish tax resident, you are generally taxed on your worldwide income – unless a double tax treaty says otherwise. […]
Losing your passport or having your bag stolen in a foreign country is stressful enough; when it happens in Turkey, it also creates concrete legal and practical problems: you may not be able to leave the country, check into some hotels, or continue your onward journey. This guide explains, in clear legal terms, what foreigners […]
Foreign nationals planning to come to Türkiye – whether as tourists, students, employees or long-term residents – should be aware that health insurance is not just a practical need, but often a legal requirement. The type of insurance required, and whether it must be taken out from a Turkish insurer, depends on the purpose and […]
Unfair competition disputes in Turkey have become increasingly common with the growth of e-commerce, franchising and cross-border trade. For both local and foreign companies, understanding the expected duration, cost structure and litigation risks in Turkish courts is essential for making a realistic enforcement strategy. Under the Turkish Commercial Code (TCC) No. 6102, Articles 54–63 regulate […]
Foreign arbitral awards are an integral part of international commerce, and Turkey has developed a relatively clear and arbitration-friendly framework for their recognition and enforcement. That framework is built on a combination of international conventions and domestic legislation, primarily the 1958 New York Convention and Law No. 5718 on Private International and Procedural Law (“PILPL”). […]
How Protected Is a VC Really in a Turkish Startup Bankruptcy or Concordato? When foreign investors look at the Turkish ecosystem, the question “how protected is a VC really in a Turkish startup bankruptcy or concordato?” is usually left to the last slide of the deck – until something goes wrong. Turkish law has its […]
Legalization Pathways for Foreign Documents: Apostille vs. Consular, Frequent Errors is central to smooth Turkish citizenship filings and civil-registry work: authorities will only accept foreign documents that are validly legalized and intelligible in Turkish. Getting the pathway wrong (apostille vs. consular) or the sequence wrong (legalization → translation → notarization) is a common—and avoidable—reason for […]
Pending Criminal Investigations and Citizenship: Disclosure and Proportionality defines how Turkish authorities weigh open investigations when deciding naturalization, marriage-based, or exceptional (investment) citizenship under Law No. 5901. The key is honest disclosure plus a record strong enough to satisfy security/public-order screening without treating mere allegations as guilt. LEGAL FRAMEWORKCitizenship decisions are administrative acts taken after […]