1) Key Concepts You Must Know “Estate” (Tereke) The estate includes assets and debts. In Turkey, heirs generally step into the deceased’s legal position, meaning inheritance is not only “receiving property,” but also risk-managing liabilities. Immovable vs. Movable Assets This distinction matters greatly in cross-border cases: The Gatekeeper Document: Veraset İlamı (Certificate of Inheritance) Without […]
1. Legal Framework: Why the Trade Registry Matters 1.1. Principle of registration and publicity Under the Turkish Commercial Code, certain facts concerning commercial enterprises and companies must be registered and published. The Trade Registry is a public database kept under the supervision of the Ministry of Trade and operated by regional trade registry offices. It […]
How to Exit a Turkish Investment Safely: Selling Shares, Property and Companies Entering a market is exciting. Exiting, however, is where investors often lose money, time and legal protection – especially in a foreign jurisdiction. In Turkey, selling shares, real estate or even an entire company is perfectly feasible and investor-friendly if the exit is […]
What to Do If You Are Detained or Arrested in Turkey as a Foreigner Being detained or arrested in a foreign country can be frightening, especially if you do not know the language or the legal system. In Turkey, however, foreigners are protected by the same basic procedural rights as Turkish citizens under the Constitution […]
Franchise and Distribution Agreements in Turkey: Legal Risks and Protections Doing business in Turkey through a local partner can be very attractive. The market is young, dynamic and strongly connected to both Europe and the Middle East. However, using franchise or distribution models without a solid contract can easily lead to disputes, loss of reputation […]
Double taxation is not just a theoretical concern in textbooks; it is a real economic risk that can significantly reduce the net return of foreign investments. It arises because different countries exercise their taxing powers based on residence and source, sometimes simultaneously, and because domestic rules are not automatically aligned.
Handled correctly, Turkish tax law does not have to be a trap – it can be a competitive advantage that increases your net return instead of eroding it.
Definition, Legal Nature, and Turkish Supreme Court Practice I. Introduction Maritime trade, an inherently international and high-risk sector carrying a significant portion of global trade volume, relies heavily on the charterparty (contract of carriage by sea) as one of its fundamental agreements. In the Turkish Commercial Code (Law No. 6102, “TCC”), maritime trade is regulated […]
When a foreign creditor starts court or enforcement proceedings in Turkey, it is common for the Turkish debtor to respond with a jurisdiction objection such as: “Turkish courts are not competent, our contract sends disputes to a foreign court / mediation / arbitration.” This does not automatically kill your case, but it changes the strategy. […]
. Introduction Turkey has emerged as one of the most dynamic real-estate markets in the region. Its rapidly growing population, tourism potential, and strategic location between Europe, Asia and the Middle East create a unique magnet for property investors. For foreign buyers, Turkish real estate is not merely an asset class—it is a gateway to […]