Introduction Fake social media accounts have become one of the most common forms of digital abuse in Türkiye. A fake account may use another person’s name, photograph, business title, logo, professional identity, personal information or private images. It may send messages to third parties, publish defamatory posts, request money, harass victims, damage business reputation, impersonate […]
Introduction Online reputation has become one of the most valuable personal and commercial assets in the digital age. A person’s name, image, professional credibility, private life and public perception may now be affected by a single social media post, online review, video, comment, blog article, news report, forum entry or screenshot. For companies, entrepreneurs, professionals, […]
Introduction Social media has become one of the most influential public spaces in modern life. Individuals, companies, journalists, influencers, public officials and ordinary users communicate through platforms such as Instagram, X, TikTok, Facebook, YouTube, LinkedIn and messaging applications. However, the speed and reach of online communication also create serious legal risks. A single post, story, […]
Introduction: The Evolution of Digital Asset Regulation The journey of crypto assets in Turkey has transformed from a “wild west” environment to a highly structured, regulated, and sophisticated financial ecosystem. As of June 2026, the legislative paradigm is defined by a clear distinction between the recognition of crypto assets as intangible assets and their exclusion […]
The global energy market is currently defined by unprecedented price volatility. Driven by the rapid transition to intermittent renewable sources, geopolitical instability, and supply chain fragility, energy markets have become increasingly complex. For energy companies, utilities, and large-scale infrastructure investors, the use of financial derivatives—such as forwards, futures, swaps, and options—is not merely a tactical […]
In the modern energy landscape, characterized by multi-billion-dollar investments in wind farms, solar arrays, cross-border pipelines, and hydrogen production facilities, the management of liability is a central pillar of project development. Large-scale energy projects are inherently hazardous, involving complex technologies, volatile physical conditions, and significant environmental footprints. Consequently, the legal structure governing liability and insurance […]
The energy sector is currently undergoing the most profound transformation in a century. As companies pivot from legacy hydrocarbon portfolios to renewable energy, carbon capture, and green hydrogen, Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) have become the primary mechanism for rapid strategic repositioning. However, M&A in energy is fundamentally different from other sectors. It is characterized by […]
In the capital-intensive and technologically demanding energy sector, the Joint Venture (JV) has emerged as the quintessential legal instrument for project development. Whether it is an international energy major partnering with a national energy company to explore offshore assets, or a renewable energy developer collaborating with a local infrastructure fund to build a utility-scale wind […]
The global transition to a low-carbon energy economy is fundamentally anchored in the Power Purchase Agreement (PPA). As the primary instrument for monetizing renewable energy generation, the PPA is the bridge between the technical reality of intermittent power and the financial necessity of long-term revenue stability. In the context of large-scale solar, wind, and storage […]
Project finance for energy infrastructure is the backbone of the global energy transition. Unlike corporate finance, where the creditworthiness of a borrower is based on the parent company’s balance sheet, project finance relies on the cash flows generated by a discrete asset—such as a wind farm, a natural gas pipeline, or a hydroelectric plant—to service […]