Rent Determination Lawsuit in Turkey: Conditions, Procedure and Evidence

A rent determination lawsuit in Turkey is a legal action through which the court determines the rent payable for a renewed rental period when the landlord and tenant cannot agree on the appropriate amount.

The procedure has become particularly important because long-standing rents may remain significantly below current market levels, while landlords are not permitted to impose arbitrary increases on residential and roofed commercial tenants. Turkish law therefore establishes a system intended to balance the landlord’s interest in preserving the economic value of the property with the tenant’s protection against sudden and excessive rent increases.

The principal rules governing the determination of rent are contained in Articles 344 and 345 of the Turkish Code of Obligations No. 6098. Article 344 regulates the substantive criteria that the court must apply, while Article 345 governs when the lawsuit may be filed and the rental period from which the judicially determined amount becomes effective.

Although rent determination cases are commonly associated with the completion of five years, it is inaccurate to state that no rent determination can ever be requested before five years. Turkish law distinguishes between ordinary rent determination during the first five rental years and market-based determination after five years.

During the first five years, the Consumer Price Index generally operates as the maximum limit. After five years, the court may also consider comparable market rents, the characteristics of the property and equity. This distinction is essential for determining the scope of the lawsuit, the evidence required and the amount that may legally be awarded.

This guide explains the conditions for filing a rent determination lawsuit in Turkey, how the five-year period is calculated, which court has jurisdiction, how comparable properties are examined, what evidence should be submitted and how landlords and tenants can protect their rights.

What Is a Rent Determination Lawsuit?

A rent determination lawsuit is an action requesting the court to establish the amount of rent that will apply during a renewed rental period.

The action does not seek the eviction of the tenant and does not automatically terminate the rental agreement. Its purpose is to determine one of the essential financial terms of the continuing lease relationship.

The court does not simply select the amount demanded by the landlord or tenant. It must apply the statutory criteria under Article 344 of the Turkish Code of Obligations.

Depending on the duration and wording of the rental agreement, the court may consider:

• The 12-month average change in the Consumer Price Index;
• The physical condition and characteristics of the property;
• Comparable rental values;
• The location and permitted use of the property; and
• Principles of equity.

The weight given to each factor depends primarily on whether five rental years have been completed.

Which Rental Properties Are Covered?

The special rent determination system under Articles 344 and 345 primarily applies to residential and roofed workplace leases.

Residential properties include apartments, houses and villas used for accommodation. Roofed workplace properties may include offices, shops, clinics, restaurants, workshops and other enclosed commercial premises.

The legal classification depends on the nature and use of the property rather than merely the title used in the agreement. An open plot of land, agricultural property or another lease falling outside the residential and roofed workplace provisions may be governed by different rules and may not be subject to the same rent determination mechanism.

For this reason, the first issue to be examined before filing is whether the rental relationship falls within the special provisions of the Turkish Code of Obligations concerning residential and roofed workplace leases.

Is Five Years Always Required?

Five years are not required for every form of judicial rent determination.

Article 344 creates two separate systems.

During the first five rental years, if the parties have not agreed on the rent increase applicable to the renewed period, the court may determine the new rent. However, the amount determined cannot exceed the 12-month average CPI change applicable to the previous rental year. The court must also consider the condition of the property and equity.

After five years, a broader market-based assessment becomes possible. Regardless of whether the agreement contains a rent increase clause, the court may determine the rent by considering CPI, the condition of the property, comparable rental values and equity.

Accordingly, the completion of five years is principally important because it allows the court to consider comparable market rents without being restricted solely to the ordinary annual CPI ceiling.

When lawyers, landlords and tenants refer to a “five-year rent determination lawsuit,” they generally mean the market-based procedure under Article 344, paragraph 3.

Rent Determination During the First Five Years

During the initial five-year period, annual rent increases are primarily controlled by the CPI limitation.

Where the rental agreement contains a valid annual increase clause, that clause may be applied only to the extent that it does not exceed the 12-month average CPI change. A provision requiring an increase above that statutory ceiling is not enforceable beyond the lawful limit.

For example, if the agreement states that the rent will increase annually by 50%, but the relevant 12-month average CPI rate is 30%, the ordinary contractual increase cannot exceed 30%.

Where the agreement contains a lower fixed increase, the agreed lower percentage will generally govern. If the parties agreed on a 15% increase while the CPI ceiling is 30%, the landlord cannot automatically disregard the contractual 15% rate and demand the statutory maximum.

If the agreement contains no increase clause and the parties cannot agree, the court may determine the renewed rent. In this situation, the court considers the property’s condition and equity but cannot exceed the applicable 12-month average CPI limit.

Therefore, current market advertisements showing much higher rents do not ordinarily allow the landlord to demand full market value during the first five years.

Rent Determination After Five Years

After five rental years have been completed, Article 344, paragraph 3 permits a more comprehensive examination.

The provision applies to leases concluded for more than five years and to leases renewed after five years. It also allows a similar market-based review at the end of each subsequent five-year period.

The court must consider four central criteria:

Consumer Price Index: The 12-month average CPI change remains relevant, but it is no longer the sole maximum controlling factor.

Condition of the property: The court examines the size, age, construction quality, maintenance condition, floor, frontage, view, accessibility, parking facilities, heating system and other physical characteristics.

Comparable rental values: Actual rental values of genuinely comparable properties become one of the most important forms of evidence.

Equity: The judge must determine a reasonable rent that balances the legitimate interests of both parties.

The completion of five years does not mean that the landlord may unilaterally increase the rent to any desired market amount. Unless the tenant accepts the proposed amount, the rent must be determined through agreement, mediation or a court judgment.

How Is the Five-Year Period Calculated?

The five-year period is calculated according to the commencement of the rental relationship and the rental periods that follow.

Assume that a one-year rental agreement commenced on 1 October 2021.

The rental periods would generally be:

First year: 1 October 2021–30 September 2022
Second year: 1 October 2022–30 September 2023
Third year: 1 October 2023–30 September 2024
Fourth year: 1 October 2024–30 September 2025
Fifth year: 1 October 2025–30 September 2026

The first market-based rent determination under Article 344, paragraph 3 may therefore be requested for the new rental period beginning on 1 October 2026.

A common mistake is filing during the fifth rental year and requesting market rent for a period before five full years have been completed.

The calculation may be more complex where the original agreement was concluded for several years, where the commencement date differs from the signature date or where the parties later signed supplementary protocols.

Merely signing a new document every year does not necessarily restart the five-year period. Courts may examine whether the later document created a genuinely independent rental relationship or merely amended the rent under the existing tenancy.

Does a New Rental Agreement Restart the Five-Year Period?

The answer depends on the substance of the transaction.

Landlords and tenants sometimes sign a document titled “new rental agreement” even though the same tenant remains in the same property without interruption. Such a document may simply be an amendment or renewal of the existing relationship.

Courts do not necessarily rely solely on the title placed on the document. They may examine whether possession was returned, whether the previous lease was genuinely terminated, whether a new deposit was paid, whether the parties changed and whether the essential conditions of the relationship were substantially renewed.

If the same tenant continuously occupies the same property, the execution of a new form may not automatically prevent the earlier years from being included in the five-year calculation.

Every protocol and subsequent agreement should therefore be examined together with the payment history and actual occupation of the property.

Who May File a Rent Determination Lawsuit?

The action is most commonly filed by a landlord seeking to increase a rent that has remained below market level.

A tenant may also have a legal interest in requesting determination where the landlord demands an amount exceeding the statutory rules or where uncertainty exists regarding the rent legally payable.

The claimant must establish the rental relationship and their legal connection with it. Issues may arise where the property is jointly owned, inherited, sold during the rental relationship or rented through an authorised representative.

Where there are multiple tenants, the agreement should be examined to determine whether all tenants must be included as defendants. Filing against an incomplete or incorrect group of parties may result in procedural objections and delay.

The title deed, rental agreement, inheritance records, powers of attorney and ownership transfers should therefore be reviewed before mediation and litigation begin.

Is a Written Rental Agreement Necessary?

A written rental agreement is not always indispensable for the existence of a rental relationship. However, the absence of a written agreement creates serious evidentiary difficulties.

The claimant must establish the commencement date, the initial rent, the rental period, the parties and whether an annual increase clause was agreed.

These matters directly affect the five-year calculation and the effective date of the rent determined by the court.

Bank records, receipts, correspondence, tax records, building management documents and witness statements may become important where the agreement is oral or the original contract cannot be found.

A written agreement remains the strongest starting point because it generally identifies the rental commencement date, payment amount, renewal mechanism and permitted use.

Mandatory Mediation Before Filing the Lawsuit

A rent determination lawsuit is subject to mandatory mediation.

Article 18/B of the Mediation Law provides that, except for the special non-judicial enforcement procedure concerning eviction, disputes arising from rental relationships require an application to mediation before a lawsuit is filed. The provision entered into force on 1 September 2023.

A claimant who files a rent determination lawsuit without first applying for mediation faces dismissal due to the absence of a procedural prerequisite. If mediation was completed but the final report was not attached, the court grants a final period for submission; failure to comply may also result in procedural dismissal.

The mediation application should clearly identify:

• The rental property;
• The existing monthly rent;
• The requested new rent;
• The rental period for which determination is sought;
• The commencement and renewal dates;
• Whether the request is based on completion of five years; and
• Any claim concerning past rental differences.

The parties may agree on a new rent, its effective date, payment of accumulated differences and future increase method during mediation.

A carefully drafted mediation settlement may prevent lengthy litigation. However, vague wording should be avoided. The agreement should state whether the amount is gross or net, the exact starting date, monthly payment date and treatment of taxes or withholding where relevant.

When Can the Lawsuit Be Filed?

Article 345 states that a rent determination lawsuit may be filed at any time. However, this does not mean that the filing date is legally unimportant.

The filing date determines the rental period from which the court-determined rent will become effective.

Three principal situations must be distinguished.

Lawsuit Filed at Least 30 Days Before the New Rental Period

If the lawsuit is filed at least 30 days before the beginning of the new rental period, the rent determined by the court applies from the beginning of that new period.

For example, if the new rental period begins on 1 October 2026, filing the lawsuit at least 30 days before that date may allow the court-determined rent to apply from 1 October 2026.

Written Notice Sent Within the 30-Day Period

Instead of filing the case during that period, the landlord may send the tenant written notice at least 30 days before the new rental period, stating that the rent will be increased.

If written notice is given in time, the lawsuit may be filed before the end of the following new rental period, and the judicially determined amount may still apply from the beginning of that period.

Rental Agreement Contains an Increase Clause

If the rental agreement already contains a provision stating that the rent will be increased during the new rental period, a lawsuit filed before the end of that new rental period may result in the determined rent applying from the beginning of the same period.

These rules concern the effective date of the judgment rather than an absolute prohibition against filing later. A late case may still be heard, but the new rent may apply only from a subsequent period.

Importance of the Written Notice

Although Article 345 provides different alternatives, a written rent increase notice is one of the safest methods of preserving the landlord’s position.

The notice should state:

• The identities of the landlord and tenant;
• The complete address of the property;
• The rental commencement and renewal dates;
• The existing monthly rent;
• The new amount requested;
• The rental period from which the increase is sought; and
• The landlord’s intention to seek judicial determination if no agreement is reached.

A notarial notice provides strong evidence of both content and service date. Other communication methods may also be used where legally reliable, but ordinary verbal conversations can be difficult to prove.

Because mandatory mediation must now be completed before filing, the landlord should not wait until the end of the rental period. The written notice and mediation application should be initiated early enough to avoid disputes regarding the effective date.

Which Court Has Jurisdiction?

The court with subject-matter jurisdiction is the Civil Court of Peace, known in Turkish as the Sulh Hukuk Mahkemesi.

Under Article 4 of the Code of Civil Procedure, Civil Courts of Peace hear disputes arising from rental relationships, including rental receivables, regardless of the amount or value of the case.

Territorial jurisdiction may generally belong to:

• The court of the defendant’s residence; or
• The court at the place where the rental agreement is performed.

The Code of Civil Procedure provides that the general competent court is the court of the defendant’s residence and that contractual cases may also be filed at the place of performance.

The property’s location will frequently correspond with the place of performance, but this should not be assumed in every case without reviewing the payment terms and procedural rules.

A contractual jurisdiction clause may be enforceable only under the conditions permitted by procedural law. Clauses involving consumers, individuals or non-merchants require particular caution.

How Is the Requested Rent Stated?

The claimant should state a specific monthly rental amount in the mediation application and statement of claim.

The request should identify whether the amount is:

• Gross or net;
• Inclusive or exclusive of withholding tax;
• Inclusive or exclusive of VAT where applicable;
• Inclusive or exclusive of building expenses; and
• Payable monthly or through another agreed schedule.

This distinction is particularly important in commercial leases.

In a decision concerning a workplace lease, the Court of Cassation criticised a judgment that failed to state whether the determined amount was gross or net, because such ambiguity could create uncertainty during enforcement.

A court judgment should therefore establish a clear and enforceable amount. The claim petition should use equally precise language.

What Evidence Is Required?

A successful rent determination case requires more than a general statement that rents have increased in the neighbourhood.

The most important evidence generally includes the rental agreement, bank records, comparable leases, title deed documents, property photographs, building information and an expert inspection.

Rental Agreement

The agreement proves the commencement date, initial rent, parties, property and increase clause.

The original document should be submitted where possible. All later protocols should also be included.

Bank Payment Records

Bank statements show the actual rent paid, historical increases and whether the parties applied a particular contractual formula.

They may also demonstrate whether payments were gross, net or subject to withholding.

Comparable Rental Agreements

Actual rental agreements for similar properties are generally stronger evidence than online advertisements.

The comparable properties should be similar in terms of:

• Location;
• Size;
• Building age;
• Floor;
• Physical condition;
• Permitted use;
• Frontage and visibility;
• Heating and technical facilities;
• Parking;
• Furnished or unfurnished status; and
• Rental commencement date.

A newly renovated apartment rented last month may not be a reliable comparison for an older apartment on a different street.

Property Advertisements

Advertisements may provide supporting market information, but they usually show asking prices rather than completed rental transactions.

They should not be treated as conclusive evidence without examining whether the property was actually rented at the advertised amount.

Title Deed and Municipal Records

Title deed information, zoning records, construction permits, architectural plans and municipal documents may help establish the size, type and legal characteristics of the property.

Photographs and Videos

Visual records may show the property’s condition, view, renovation quality, defects and commercial characteristics.

Expert Examination

The court generally appoints a panel of experts to inspect the property and evaluate comparable rentals.

How Does the Expert Examination Work?

The expert panel should conduct an on-site inspection of the rented property.

For residential properties, the panel may include a real estate valuation expert, civil engineer or other specialists appropriate to the characteristics of the premises.

For commercial properties, the court may require expertise concerning commercial value, construction, location and the particular business use.

The experts should examine both the subject property and the proposed comparables. They should explain why each comparable is suitable or unsuitable and identify the differences affecting rental value.

The Court of Cassation has stated that the parties’ evidence and original or certified comparable rental agreements should be collected, the rented property and comparables should be individually examined and factors such as location, environment, quality, use, commencement date and rental duration should be compared concretely.

A report that merely lists online advertisements or gives an unexplained average figure may be inadequate.

Determining the Vacant Rental Value

In a post-five-year rent determination case, the experts generally assess the amount the property could reasonably obtain if it were rented in vacant condition during the relevant rental period.

This does not mean that the court must automatically award the full vacant rental value.

The vacant value is an important reference point. The judge then considers equity and the fact that the tenant is an existing occupant.

The Court of Cassation requires the court to determine the amount the property could obtain if newly rented in vacant condition and then establish a reasonable rent consistent with equity and the legitimate expectations of the parties.

The expert should state the vacant market value clearly rather than presenting only the final amount after an unexplained reduction.

The Existing-Tenant Equity Reduction

Turkish judicial practice recognises that a long-standing tenant should not necessarily be treated in exactly the same manner as a new tenant renting a vacant property.

After the vacant rental value is determined, the court may apply an equity reduction because the tenant is an existing tenant.

This is frequently called the “old tenant discount” or “equity discount.”

There is no fixed statutory percentage.

The reduction should not automatically be assumed to be 10%, 15% or 20% in every case. It depends on the duration of the relationship, the previous rent, characteristics of the property, market evidence and overall equity.

In the Court of Cassation decision examined above, the Court confirmed that a reasonable reduction should be made from the vacant rental value because the defendant was an existing tenant. However, it required the expert report first to establish the actual vacant rental value clearly.

A claimant should therefore avoid calculating the expected judgment solely by applying a standard percentage to online market prices.

Is the Court Bound by the Expert Report?

No. The expert report assists the court on technical and market matters, but the legal determination belongs to the judge.

The judge must review whether:

• The correct rental period was examined;
• The comparables are genuinely similar;
• Actual leases or only advertisements were used;
• The property was inspected;
• All positive and negative characteristics were considered;
• The vacant rental value was identified;
• The existing-tenant reduction was justified; and
• The final amount is consistent with Article 344 and equity.

The parties may object to an incomplete or contradictory report and request an additional or new report.

An objection should be specific. Merely stating that the amount is too high or too low is less effective than identifying incorrect floor area, unsuitable comparables, ignored defects or inaccurate dates.

Positive and Negative Features Affecting Rent

The court should consider all characteristics that materially affect rental value.

Positive factors may include central location, transport access, sea view, new construction, high-quality renovation, parking, security, elevator, terrace, commercial frontage and high pedestrian traffic.

Negative factors may include structural defects, moisture, lack of elevator, poor heating, basement location, noise, restricted access, outdated installations, low ceiling height, poor visibility, zoning limitations and the need for substantial repairs.

For commercial properties, licence eligibility and legal use restrictions may significantly affect value.

A space advertised as suitable for a restaurant may have a lower objective value if it cannot obtain the required municipal or fire-safety approvals.

The expert report should assess the property as it actually existed during the rental period for which determination is requested.

Rent Determination for Foreign-Currency Leases

Article 344 contains a separate rule for leases in which rent has been validly agreed in foreign currency.

Subject to Turkish currency-protection legislation, the foreign-currency rent generally cannot be changed until five years have passed. The hardship provision under Article 138 remains reserved.

After five years, the court applies the post-five-year criteria and also considers changes in the value of the foreign currency.

However, foreign-currency rental clauses are also affected by separate regulations protecting the value of the Turkish currency.

Whether rent may legally be agreed or paid in foreign currency depends on the parties’ residence, nationality, corporate status and any applicable regulatory exception.

The validity of the foreign-currency clause must therefore be examined before a rent determination case is filed.

Difference Between Rent Determination and Rent Adaptation

A rent determination lawsuit should not be confused with a rent adaptation lawsuit.

A rent determination case is based on Articles 344 and 345. It regulates the rent payable during a renewed period and, after five years, allows examination of comparable rental values.

A rent adaptation case is based on extraordinary hardship under Article 138 of the Turkish Code of Obligations.

Adaptation requires extraordinary and unforeseeable circumstances that fundamentally disrupt the contractual balance and make performance excessively burdensome contrary to good faith.

A landlord cannot normally bypass the five-year rent determination system merely by describing ordinary inflation or increased market values as extraordinary hardship.

The legal basis, evidentiary requirements and potential effects of the two actions are different.

Can the Tenant Be Evicted Because of the Lawsuit?

A rent determination lawsuit does not itself provide a ground for eviction.

The tenant cannot lawfully be evicted merely for refusing the landlord’s proposed market rent or defending the rent determination case.

Eviction requires a separate statutory ground, such as non-payment, a valid eviction undertaking, genuine need, two justified notices or completion of the ten-year extension period.

However, once the legally applicable rent is determined and becomes payable, failure to pay the resulting amount or rental differences may create separate collection and default issues.

Landlords should not combine a lawful rent determination request with threats, utility disconnection or attempts to change the locks.

Effect of the Court Judgment

The judgment determines the rent applicable to the rental period identified in the decision.

Where the requirements of Article 345 have been satisfied, the amount may apply from the beginning of the relevant renewed rental period even though the judgment is delivered later.

This may create accumulated rental differences between the amount paid by the tenant and the amount determined by the court.

The enforceability and collection of these differences should be evaluated according to the judgment, finalisation status, payment records and procedural rules.

The judgment must clearly identify:

• The monthly rent;
• The applicable rental period;
• The effective date;
• Whether the amount is gross or net; and
• Any relevant tax treatment.

Ambiguous decisions may create difficulties during enforcement, particularly in commercial lease disputes.

Common Mistakes Made by Landlords

One common mistake is assuming that market rent can be requested before five full years have been completed.

Another is relying only on property advertisements without obtaining genuine comparable lease agreements.

Landlords also frequently miss the Article 345 timetable. Filing the case late may prevent the determined rent from applying from the desired renewal date.

Other errors include:

• Failing to complete mandatory mediation;
• Requesting an uncertain gross or net amount;
• Using comparables from a different neighbourhood or property category;
• Ignoring defects that reduce rental value;
• Treating the five-year rule as an automatic right to the full vacant market price; and
• Assuming that a new document always restarts the rental period.

A legally sound case should begin with a detailed review of the original agreement and all subsequent payment records.

Common Mistakes Made by Tenants

Tenants sometimes assume that the landlord can never request market-based rent while the lease continues.

After five years, the court may determine a substantially higher amount by considering comparable market rents.

Another common mistake is failing to challenge unsuitable comparables or an incomplete expert report.

The tenant should submit evidence concerning defects, repair needs, lack of facilities, licence restrictions and other characteristics reducing the property’s value.

Tenants should also avoid withholding the entire rent during the proceedings. The existing or undisputed amount should generally continue to be paid on time through a traceable method.

Ignoring mediation notices, court documents or expert inspections may weaken the tenant’s ability to present a defence.

Practical Strategy for Landlords

A landlord considering a rent determination case should first identify the exact rental commencement date and the period for which the new rent is requested.

The landlord should then review the increase clause, calculate whether five years have been completed and collect actual comparable leases.

A written notice should be served in accordance with Article 345, and mandatory mediation should be commenced early.

The requested amount should be realistic and supported by evidence. An exaggerated demand based solely on the highest online advertisements may reduce the credibility of the case.

During the expert inspection, all positive characteristics of the property should be documented. Comparable properties should be similar and their rental dates should be relevant to the period in dispute.

Practical Strategy for Tenants

A tenant receiving a rent determination demand should first verify whether five rental years have actually been completed.

The tenant should examine the agreement, renewal date, increase clause and the effective-date requirements under Article 345.

The landlord’s comparables should be reviewed individually. Differences in street, floor, building age, renovation, size, view and use may substantially affect value.

The tenant should preserve evidence of defects, repairs personally financed, legal-use limitations and disadvantages of the property.

A reasoned response during mediation may help the parties reach a sustainable agreement and avoid the uncertainty and expense of litigation.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can a rent determination lawsuit be filed before five years?

Yes, in limited circumstances. Where the parties have not agreed on the renewed rent, the court may determine it during the first five years, but the amount cannot exceed the applicable 12-month average CPI change. Market-based determination using comparable rents generally becomes available after five years.

When can full market conditions be considered?

After five years, the court may consider CPI, the condition of the property, comparable rental values and equity. The full vacant market rent is a reference point, not necessarily the final amount awarded.

Is mandatory mediation required?

Yes. Rent determination disputes are subject to mandatory mediation before litigation.

Which court hears the lawsuit?

The Civil Court of Peace has subject-matter jurisdiction regardless of the monetary value.

Can the case be filed at any time?

The action may be filed at any time, but the filing and notice dates determine the rental period from which the judgment becomes effective.

Is an online advertisement sufficient evidence?

Advertisements may support the claim but are generally weaker than actual comparable rental agreements. Asking prices do not necessarily establish completed market transactions.

Is there a fixed existing-tenant discount?

No. Turkish law does not establish a fixed percentage. The court determines an equitable reduction according to the individual circumstances.

Can the court award more than the amount requested?

The court is generally bound by the scope of the parties’ requests. The claimant should therefore state the requested amount carefully and support it with credible evidence.

Does filing the lawsuit allow the landlord to evict the tenant?

No. Rent determination and eviction are separate legal procedures.

Does signing a new agreement restart the five-year period?

Not automatically. The court may examine whether the document created a genuinely new lease or merely continued and amended the existing rental relationship.

Conclusion

A rent determination lawsuit in Turkey is a technical procedure requiring careful examination of both substantive rental law and procedural deadlines.

During the first five years, the ordinary CPI limitation remains central. After five years, the court may consider comparable rental values, the physical condition of the property and equity in addition to CPI.

The completion of five years does not automatically entitle the landlord to the highest advertised market rent. The property must be inspected, genuine comparable leases must be examined and a reasonable existing-tenant adjustment may be applied.

The timing requirements under Article 345 are equally important. A case filed at the wrong time may result in the determined rent becoming effective only from a later rental period.

Since 1 September 2023, mandatory mediation must also be completed before the lawsuit is filed. Failure to comply may result in procedural dismissal.

The outcome will often depend on the quality of the evidence. A clear rental agreement, complete bank records, reliable comparable leases, accurate property information and a detailed expert report are essential.

Landlords and tenants should therefore obtain individual legal advice before serving notice, applying for mediation, selecting comparable properties or filing a rent determination lawsuit.

Legal Disclaimer: This article provides general information regarding rent determination lawsuits in Turkey and does not constitute legal advice. Each dispute must be evaluated according to the rental agreement, commencement date, property type, payment history, applicable rental period, evidence and current legislation.