1) The Regulatory Map: Who Oversees What? Turkish banking and finance regulation is not handled by a single authority. Different segments of the market are supervised by different regulators, and transactions may require coordination across several regimes. Key authorities you will commonly encounter In practice, a single project (for example, a fintech platform offering wallet […]
Turkish AI Law : A Practical Legal & Compliance Guide for Businesses Artificial intelligence is no longer an “innovation project” that sits inside an IT department. In Turkey, AI is increasingly used in banking and fintech, e-commerce and retail, HR and recruitment, health and life sciences, call centers, logistics, security, advertising, and content production. As […]
Why Drug Law Matters in Turkey “Drug law” in Turkey is not a narrow niche. It affects tourists and expats stopped at airports, students caught with small quantities, families facing urgent detention decisions, and companies dealing with employee misconduct or workplace investigations. Turkish criminal policy in this area is strict, and the legal consequences can […]
Why this matters (and why timing matters even more) When a medical outcome goes wrong, families often hear the same sentence: “It’s a complication.” Sometimes that’s true. Sometimes it isn’t. The difference between an unavoidable medical risk and medical malpractice is not decided by assumptions or emotions—it is decided by records, medical standards, expert analysis, […]
Turkish law does not aim to eliminate competition; it aims to protect fair and undistorted competition. The Turkish Commercial Code (TCC) treats deceptive or otherwise unfair commercial practices that affect competitor relations or supplier–customer relations as unfair competition and provides both civil remedies and, in specific cases, criminal liability. This article focuses on the most […]
In Turkish commercial practice, being a merchant (tacir) is not just a label—it is a legal status that creates both benefits and burdens. Merchant status supports speed and certainty in commerce, but it also imposes stricter standards of care, compliance duties, and—most importantly—stronger creditor remedies. Below is a practical overview of the main consequences typically […]
1) What is a “commercial enterprise transfer”? A commercial enterprise is generally understood as an independent, continuous business operation that exceeds the scale of a simple artisan activity. A “transfer” means handing over the business as an economic whole, rather than selling individual items one by one. A key distinction: Because of this, an enterprise […]
1) Why standard terms are legally “high risk” Standard contract terms (terms and conditions drafted in advance for repeated use) are efficient, but they also create an imbalance: one party writes the rules, the other party merely “joins” them. Turkish contract law responds by applying a three-step filter: In disputes, winning often depends less on […]