Introduction Processing special categories of personal data in Turkey is one of the most sensitive and legally demanding areas of Turkish data protection law. Businesses, employers, hospitals, clinics, insurance companies, financial institutions, schools, technology companies, human resources departments, and foreign investors operating in Turkey may process sensitive data without fully understanding the legal consequences. Under […]
Introduction Explicit consent is one of the most discussed concepts under Turkish Personal Data Protection Law. Many companies operating in Turkey assume that every personal data processing activity requires consent. Others treat consent as a simple checkbox, a standard clause in a contract, or a general approval hidden inside terms and conditions. Both approaches may […]
Introduction Sports franchise and club ownership disputes are among the most complex issues in modern sports law. A sports club is not an ordinary commercial company. It is a competitive institution, a regulated participant in a league, a public-facing brand, an employer, a community symbol, a media asset and, in many cases, a highly valuable […]
Introduction Merchandising rights are one of the most valuable commercial assets in modern sports. A successful club, federation, league, event or athlete does not generate revenue only from ticket sales, broadcasting or sponsorship. It also creates a brand that fans want to wear, collect, display and purchase. Jerseys, scarves, caps, training wear, posters, mugs, toys, […]
Introduction Sports events create excitement, community, commercial value and public visibility. However, they also create serious legal risk. A football match, basketball game, tennis tournament, marathon, combat sports event, motorsport race, e-sports final or large-scale fan festival may involve thousands of spectators, athletes, staff, volunteers, media teams, VIP guests, sponsors, vendors, emergency services and security […]
Introduction Sports agents play a powerful role in the careers of professional athletes. A good agent can negotiate better salaries, secure transfers, attract sponsorship deals, protect image rights, manage public reputation and guide long-term career strategy. However, a negligent or conflicted agent can cause serious harm. Poor advice, unauthorized negotiations, hidden commissions, conflicts of interest, […]
Introduction Taxation is one of the most important legal issues in the career of a professional athlete. Modern athletes do not earn income from one simple salary source. A professional footballer, basketball player, tennis player, boxer, golfer, motorsport driver, Olympic athlete or e-sports competitor may receive salary, signing fees, match bonuses, prize money, sponsorship revenue, […]
Introduction Sports insurance law is a critical but often underestimated area of sports law. Professional sport involves physical risk, commercial risk, public liability risk, medical risk, travel risk, employment risk, event cancellation risk and reputational risk. Athletes may suffer serious injuries. Clubs may lose key players for months. Event organizers may face claims from spectators, […]
Introduction Football transfer disputes are among the most complex and commercially significant issues in modern sports law. A transfer is not merely a sporting decision. It is a legal transaction involving employment contracts, transfer agreements, player registration, international clearance, agent representation, image rights, tax planning, federation rules, deadlines, medical examinations, bonus structures and dispute resolution […]
Introduction Fintech advertising in Turkey has become a major legal and regulatory issue. Payment institutions, electronic money institutions, digital wallets, crypto asset service providers, investment platforms, crowdfunding platforms, digital lending providers, insurance technology companies, Banking-as-a-Service interfaces, open banking apps, and financial comparison platforms all use digital marketing to acquire customers. They advertise through Google search […]