Introduction In global maritime commerce, creditors frequently encounter challenges when enforcing claims against foreign-flagged vessels. Unlike domestic vessels, foreign-flagged ships operate under the jurisdiction of another state’s flag, which raises complex legal issues regarding jurisdiction, enforcement, and security for maritime claims. Ensuring that a claim is effectively secured, enforced, and satisfied requires a thorough grasp […]
1) Key Concepts You Must Know “Estate” (Tereke) The estate includes assets and debts. In Turkey, heirs generally step into the deceased’s legal position, meaning inheritance is not only “receiving property,” but also risk-managing liabilities. Immovable vs. Movable Assets This distinction matters greatly in cross-border cases: The Gatekeeper Document: Veraset İlamı (Certificate of Inheritance) Without […]
Filing a lawsuit is only the beginning of litigation in Türkiye. Before the court can meaningfully proceed—before deadlines start to run, before a defendant can be declared in default, and before a judgment can safely stand—the defendant must be properly served with the claim petition and subsequent court documents. In Turkish practice this is called […]
1) Why Your Foreign Divorce Often Doesn’t “Show Up” in Turkey Turkey generally requires an additional step for foreign judgments to have legal effect domestically. Even if your divorce is valid abroad, Turkish authorities may not treat you as divorced until one of the following happens: Until then, common practical problems include: 2) The Two […]
1. Introduction: Why Foreigners Need a Specific Guide When a foreign national is taken into custody in Turkey, the situation is not only a criminal law problem. It immediately becomes a multi-layered legal issue that involves: A Turkish citizen will usually have family, language knowledge and familiarity with the system to navigate the process. A […]
1. Legal Framework: Why the Trade Registry Matters 1.1. Principle of registration and publicity Under the Turkish Commercial Code, certain facts concerning commercial enterprises and companies must be registered and published. The Trade Registry is a public database kept under the supervision of the Ministry of Trade and operated by regional trade registry offices. It […]
1. Introduction: When Customs Turns into a Legal Problem Foreigners entering or leaving Turkey with cash, jewelry, watches, electronics or commercial goods are often surprised to discover that customs officials have the power to seize these items on the spot. Sometimes the issue is purely administrative (missing declaration, exceeding allowance, unpaid customs duty). In other […]
1. Legal Framework: Citizenship by Investment Through Real Estate in Turkey Turkish citizenship by investment through property acquisition is mainly governed by: Under the current rules (subject to changes by the Presidency and the Ministry): Within this regime, the State aims to attract genuine, long-term foreign capital rather than short-term speculative or “paper” transactions. That […]
1. Legal Basis: Which Laws Govern Foreign Employees in Turkey? When a foreign employee works in Turkey under a valid employment contract, the relationship is usually governed by: A foreign employee with a work permit is generally treated like a Turkish employee in terms of: Therefore, as a default rule, the same termination rules apply […]
1. Introduction: Why Foreigners Need a Clear Succession Plan in Turkey Over the last decade, Turkey has become a preferred destination for foreign buyers: apartments in Istanbul, seafront villas in Antalya, investment flats in urban transformation projects, or commercial properties rented to Turkish companies. Once a foreigner acquires property in Turkey, the next key legal […]