Inheritance disputes in Turkey usually begin long before a courtroom filing. They start when a death leaves behind unanswered questions about who the heirs are, whether a will exists, whether the estate contains debt, who may control the deceased’s assets, and how family members are supposed to divide property that has passed to them together. […]
Decarbonisation clauses in charterparties have moved from optional drafting innovations to core commercial protections. The reason is simple: shipping is no longer regulated only through traditional safety, cargo, and seaworthiness rules. It is now also regulated through carbon-pricing systems, fuel-intensity standards, energy-efficiency requirements, and annual performance ratings that can affect trading rights, costs, and vessel […]
Sanctions compliance in shipping is no longer a niche issue for specialist compliance teams. It is now a core legal and commercial risk for shipowners, charterers, traders, cargo interests, banks, brokers, managers, insurers, and P&I clubs because a sanctions problem can stop a voyage, invalidate a trade plan, cut off insurance support, trigger port-access restrictions, […]
Maritime cyber risk management has moved from a technical IT issue to a core legal and operational duty for shipowners. Modern ships depend on interconnected bridge systems, engine-control environments, cargo software, satellite communications, remote diagnostics, fleet platforms, and port-facing digital interfaces. The IMO now defines maritime cyber risk as the extent to which computer-based systems […]
Turkey is not a jurisdiction where shipping disputes can safely be handled on “autopilot.” For foreign shipowners, charterers, P&I clubs, cargo interests, and marine insurers, Turkish maritime law matters because Turkey is both a major trading state and a high-impact enforcement forum. The core legal framework is the Turkish Commercial Code, which allows maritime disputes […]
In maritime disputes, the winning side is often not the party with the loudest commercial complaint, but the party with the better evidence. That is especially true in shipping because maritime claims usually arise in moving, multinational, technically complex environments where events unfold quickly and different actors record different parts of the same incident. Cargo […]
Oil spill liability in Turkey is not governed by a single rule or a single authority. It is built on a layered structure that combines domestic public law, domestic compensation law, and treaty-based maritime liability regimes. At the domestic level, the key statute is Law No. 5312, which regulates emergency response, preparedness, and compensation for […]
Shipbuilding contracts and maritime construction disputes sit at the heart of the shipping industry because a newbuilding project is never only a technical exercise. It is a long-form legal relationship covering design, specifications, class compliance, milestone payments, refund security, delay, sea trials, delivery, post-delivery warranty work, and dispute resolution. BIMCO describes NEWBUILDCON as the industry’s […]
Ship sale and purchase agreements are among the most commercially sensitive contracts in the maritime industry because a vessel transaction is never just a sale of steel and machinery. It is a transfer of title, operational control, regulatory exposure, commercial expectations, and risk. In practice, most second-hand ship deals are documented through standard-form memoranda of […]
Jurisdiction and arbitration in maritime disputes can determine the real outcome of a case long before the merits are decided. In shipping law, parties often focus first on cargo damage, demurrage, charterparty breaches, ship arrest, pollution exposure, or unpaid freight. But the more decisive question is often procedural: where will the dispute be heard, under […]