INTRODUCTION Turkish Citizenship by Bank Deposit: Eligibility, CBRT Conversion, and the 3-Year Lock is an exceptional pathway under Turkish law that allows qualified investors to obtain citizenship by committing funds to a Turkish bank subject to strict currency-conversion and holding requirements. In practice, success depends on meeting the statutory threshold, converting foreign currency through the […]
INTRODUCTION Citizenship rights of work permit holders in Turkey are an important legal topic for foreign nationals residing and working in the country. Many foreigners begin their life in Turkey with a short-term or long-term work permit, and over time they become eligible to apply for Turkish citizenship if they meet the conditions set forth […]
INTRODUCTION Blue Card and dual citizenship rights and obligations are crucial issues for many foreign nationals with ties to Turkey. The Blue Card is a legal document granted to former Turkish citizens who have renounced their nationality, while dual citizenship refers to holding Turkish citizenship along with another nationality. Both statuses bring unique rights and […]
INTRODUCTION Long-term residence permit to Turkish citizenship is one of the most common legal pathways for foreign nationals who wish to settle permanently in Turkey. Under Law No. 5901 on Turkish Citizenship and the Law on Foreigners and International Protection (LFIP, Law No. 6458), holders of a long-term residence permit may apply for naturalization if […]
Introduction Mining operations, due to their direct environmental impact, are subject to intense regulatory scrutiny. In Türkiye, companies wishing to operate in the mining sector cannot rely solely on obtaining a mining license. They must also comply with a wide range of environmental regulations, such as Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) reports, environmental permits and licenses, and site rehabilitation […]
Maritime transport and logistics, the backbone of global trade, involve complex processes such as the shipment of large volumes of goods, customs transitions, delays, and cargo damage. Disputes arising from these processes are often resolved through arbitration, which is a preferred method due to its flexibility and expertise. Additionally, marine insurance, which secures the cargo during transit, […]
Introduction In today’s interconnected global economy, companies often engage in cross-border commercial relationships involving complex supply chains. From manufacturing to distribution, international contracts bind numerous stakeholders who depend on the timely and uninterrupted flow of goods and services. However, unforeseen events—such as pandemics, wars, or natural disasters—can render contractual performance impossible or excessively burdensome. In […]
Introduction In today’s rapidly evolving healthcare landscape, the medical device industry is growing significantly in response to technological advancements and increasing public health needs. However, manufacturers wishing to operate in this field must not only comply with technical standards but also meet stringent regulatory requirements. Among these, obtaining a CE certificate and completing the licensing processes required by […]
Introduction Among the most striking scientific advancements of the 21st century is the rapid progress in biotechnology, particularly in the field of medicine. Technologies such as genetic engineering, personalized medicine, gene therapies, and AI-supported clinical decision systems offer more effective and individualized solutions in healthcare. However, they also raise complex ethical, social, and most importantly, legal challenges. This article examines the legal implications of processing […]
1. Introduction Clinical trials are essential for evaluating the safety and efficacy of pharmaceuticals and medical devices. However, beyond their scientific importance, these trials involve significant legal and ethical responsibilities. The rights of volunteers, the obligations of sponsoring pharmaceutical companies, and the judicial review of ethics committee decisions are among the key issues under Turkish law. […]