Introduction Judicial review of regulatory authority decisions in Turkey is one of the most technical and commercially significant areas of administrative law. Regulatory and supervisory authorities have broad powers over key sectors such as banking, capital markets, competition, energy, public procurement, electronic communications, media, personal data protection, nuclear regulation, insurance, auditing and accounting standards. Their […]
Introduction Public service liability in Turkey is a fundamental part of Turkish administrative law. It determines when individuals, companies, investors, property owners, patients, taxpayers, public employees or other persons may claim compensation from the administration for damage caused by public services, administrative acts, administrative actions or administrative omissions. In modern public law, the administration is […]
Introduction Residence permit rejections in Turkey are among the most common immigration-law problems faced by foreigners who wish to live, study, invest, work indirectly, receive medical treatment, establish business connections, join family members or remain in Turkey for lawful purposes. A residence permit refusal may affect a foreigner’s legal stay, family unity, education, business plans, […]
Introduction Public procurement disputes in Turkey are one of the most technical and time-sensitive areas of administrative law. Public tenders may involve construction projects, infrastructure works, medical supplies, software services, transportation services, consultancy, energy-related works, municipal purchases and many other goods, services or works financed by public resources. Because these tenders involve public money, competition, […]
Introduction Municipal decisions and zoning disputes in Turkey are among the most important areas of administrative law and real estate litigation. They directly affect property ownership, construction rights, investment value, building permits, urban transformation projects, commercial premises, land development, public service areas and the daily use of immovable property. A single municipal decision may determine […]
Introduction Administrative fines in Turkey are among the most common forms of public-law sanctions imposed by state authorities, municipalities, regulatory bodies and other public institutions. Unlike criminal fines, which are imposed by criminal courts as a result of a criminal conviction, administrative fines are imposed directly by administrative authorities for violations defined by law as […]
Introduction Administrative fines in Turkey are among the most common forms of public-law sanctions imposed by state authorities, municipalities, regulatory bodies and other public institutions. Unlike criminal fines, which are imposed by criminal courts as a result of a criminal conviction, administrative fines are imposed directly by administrative authorities for violations defined by law as […]
Introduction Deadlines in administrative litigation in Turkey are among the most critical issues in public law disputes. A person or company may have a strong legal argument against an unlawful administrative decision, but if the lawsuit is filed after the statutory deadline, the court may reject the case without examining the merits. For this reason, […]
Introduction Suspension of execution in Turkish administrative law is one of the most important interim legal remedies available against unlawful administrative acts. In Turkey, public authorities may issue unilateral administrative decisions that immediately affect individuals, companies, foreign investors, taxpayers, public servants, students, property owners, license holders and regulated businesses. These decisions may include deportation orders, […]
Introduction Full remedy actions in Turkey are one of the most important legal tools for individuals, companies and foreign investors who suffer damage due to the acts, actions or omissions of public authorities. In Turkish administrative law, public institutions are not immune from liability. If the administration causes damage while exercising public authority or carrying […]