Introduction Establishing a company in Turkey with foreign shareholders can provide international investors with direct access to one of the region’s largest consumer and industrial markets. Turkey generally follows an open foreign-investment policy based on equal treatment between domestic and international investors. Foreign individuals and foreign legal entities may generally establish and own Turkish companies […]
Introduction One of the first decisions a foreign entrepreneur or international investor must make when establishing a business in Turkey is choosing the correct legal form. For most commercial investments, the choice eventually comes down to two structures: Limited Liability Company – Limited Şirket (Ltd. Şti.) or Joint Stock Company – Anonim Şirket (A.Ş.) Both […]
Introduction Foreign companies considering the Turkish market do not always need to establish a subsidiary or commercial branch immediately. For international businesses that want to research the Turkish market, coordinate relationships with distributors, monitor suppliers, provide limited technical support or establish a regional management presence without directly generating commercial revenue in Turkey, a liaison office, […]
Introduction Foreign companies planning to conduct business in Turkey do not necessarily have to establish a new Turkish subsidiary. Depending on the commercial strategy, a foreign company may instead establish and register a branch in Turkey. A Turkish branch can be an attractive structure for international companies that want to enter the Turkish market while […]
Introduction Foreign entrepreneurs entering the Turkish market are frequently offered an apparently convenient alternative to establishing a new company: purchasing a ready-made, shelf, dormant or already incorporated Turkish company. The commercial argument often sounds attractive. Instead of dealing with incorporation procedures, the investor is told that the company already has: The investor simply purchases the […]
Introduction Foreign investors do not need to establish a new company from scratch in order to enter the Turkish market. An individual or company established abroad may instead acquire shares in an existing Turkish company and become a shareholder of an operational business. For many international investors, this can be commercially more attractive than incorporating […]
Introduction Turkey remains an important real estate market for international investors seeking residential property, commercial premises, holiday homes, rental investments, development opportunities or assets that may also support residence or citizenship planning. Istanbul, Antalya, Ankara, İzmir, Muğla and other major Turkish markets attract investors from Europe, the Middle East, Central Asia, the Gulf states, North […]
Introduction Foreign investors considering Turkish citizenship do not necessarily need to purchase real estate or establish a company in Turkey. One of the most straightforward financial investment options available under Turkish citizenship legislation is the bank deposit route. Under the Turkish citizenship-by-investment framework applicable in 2026, a foreign investor may become eligible to apply for […]
A Practical Legal Guide to Recovering Seller Funds Withheld by Online Marketplaces Under Turkish Law An online seller may successfully deliver hundreds of orders through a marketplace, issue all required invoices and wait for the expected settlement date—only to discover that the marketplace has suddenly placed the seller’s balance on hold. The seller dashboard may […]
Dental implants, veneers, crowns, smile-design procedures and other cosmetic dental treatments have become increasingly common in Turkey. Turkey is also an important destination for international patients seeking relatively affordable dental treatment. Most procedures are completed without serious problems. However, complications can sometimes result in implant failure, nerve damage, bone loss, infections, aesthetic deformities, chronic pain, […]