Recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards in Turkey is one of the most important topics in cross-border dispute resolution. A favorable award is valuable only if it can be turned into a practical result, and that usually means recognition, enforcement, or both in the country where the losing party or its assets are located. […]
Arbitration in Turkey has become a central dispute-resolution option for commercial parties that want more procedural flexibility, greater neutrality, stronger cross-border enforceability, and less exposure to the pace and formality of ordinary court litigation. In the Turkish legal system, arbitration is not a single, uniform regime. It is divided mainly between domestic arbitration under the […]
Settlement agreements play a central role in Turkish dispute resolution practice. In Türkiye, parties do not have to wait for a final judgment or arbitral award to resolve a dispute. Depending on the procedural setting, they may settle through a private agreement governed by general contract law, a judicial settlement recorded during litigation, a mediation […]
Mandatory mediation in Turkey has become one of the most important procedural filters in civil litigation. In many private-law disputes, the first question is no longer only whether the claimant has a strong legal position. The first question is whether the claimant is allowed to go directly to court at all. Turkish law now makes […]
Appeal procedures in Turkish courts are one of the most important parts of Turkish litigation strategy. In many cases, the first-instance judgment is not the real end of the dispute. A party may still be able to challenge that judgment before the Regional Court of Appeal through istinaf, and in appealable cases may later seek […]
Evidence in civil cases under Turkish law is not a secondary issue that becomes important only after a lawsuit is filed. In practice, evidence is often the core of the case from the first day of the dispute. Turkish civil procedure is built on the idea that courts decide contested, outcome-relevant facts on the basis […]
Interim injunctions in Turkish litigation are one of the most important tools for preserving rights before a final judgment is rendered. In many disputes, a party does not lose because its legal position is weak. It loses because time changes the facts on the ground. Assets are moved, documents disappear, property changes hands, confidential information […]
Debt collection and enforcement proceedings in Turkey are a central part of commercial life. A receivable is only as valuable as the creditor’s ability to collect it, and Turkish law treats collection not as a single act but as a structured process involving enforcement offices, civil enforcement courts, ordinary civil or commercial courts, and in […]
Learn how civil litigation procedure works in Turkey, from filing a lawsuit and serving pleadings to preliminary examination, evidence, appeals, and enforcement. Civil litigation procedure in Turkey is the legal pathway used to resolve private law disputes before the Turkish courts. It matters in contract cases, property disputes, debt claims, tort claims, tenancy matters, family-related […]
Commercial litigation in Turkey is one of the most important areas of business law for local companies, foreign investors, shareholders, contractors, suppliers, manufacturers, technology businesses, and financial institutions. In practice, business disputes in Turkey rarely stay limited to a single unpaid invoice or a single contract breach. They often expand into questions of jurisdiction, interim […]