Introduction Greece Golden Visa real estate due diligence is one of the most important stages of a residence-by-investment transaction. A property should not be purchased merely because a developer, seller or estate agent describes it as “Golden Visa eligible.” The acquisition must satisfy two separate legal tests. First, the buyer must obtain a valid and […]
Introduction The Greece Golden Visa through historic and protected buildings provides a special residence-by-investment opportunity for non-European Union nationals who acquire qualifying listed real estate and undertake its restoration or reconstruction. Under Greece’s current Golden Visa system, the standard minimum property investment is generally €800,000 in high-demand areas and €400,000 in the remaining regions. However, […]
Introduction Common mistakes in mandatory mediation applications in Turkey can lead to serious procedural consequences, including dismissal of a lawsuit, loss of time, additional costs, disputes concerning the scope of the final report and, in some cases, difficulty protecting limitation or forfeiture periods. Mandatory mediation is not merely an informal settlement meeting. It is a […]
Introduction Choosing between mediation and litigation in Turkey is one of the most important strategic decisions that individuals and companies must make when a legal dispute arises. The most appropriate method depends on the nature of the claim, the relationship between the parties, the available evidence, the urgency of the matter, the need for confidentiality […]
Introduction Confidentiality is one of the fundamental principles of mediation under Turkish law. Parties are more likely to negotiate openly, disclose their commercial or personal interests and make realistic settlement proposals when they know that statements made during mediation will not automatically become public or be used against them in later court or arbitration proceedings. […]
Introduction Real estate and co-ownership disputes are among the most complex and financially significant private law disputes in Turkey. These cases may involve jointly owned apartments, inherited land, commercial property, agricultural land, construction projects, title deed transfers, easements, rental income, unauthorised occupation, property expenses and the dissolution of co-ownership. Since 1 September 2023, mediation has […]
Introduction Mediation in Turkish commercial disputes has become a central part of debt collection, contract enforcement and business dispute resolution in Turkey. Companies seeking to recover unpaid invoices, contractual receivables, service fees, commissions, compensation or other commercial debts must carefully consider the mandatory mediation rules before commencing court proceedings. Under Article 5/A of the Turkish […]
Introduction to Voluntary Mediation in Turkey Voluntary mediation in Turkey is an alternative dispute resolution method that enables parties to resolve private law disputes through negotiation with the assistance of an independent and impartial mediator. Unlike mandatory mediation, voluntary mediation is initiated by the free decision of the parties. No party is legally required to […]
Introduction Mediation has become an integral part of dispute resolution in Turkey. Employees, employers, companies, consumers, landlords, tenants, co-owners, shareholders and foreign investors may encounter mediation either voluntarily or as a mandatory procedural step before litigation. The principal legislation governing mediation is Law No. 6325 on Mediation in Civil Disputes. The law regulates the fundamental […]
Introduction Commercial mediation in Turkey has become one of the most important dispute resolution mechanisms for domestic companies, multinational enterprises, foreign investors, shareholders, contractors, suppliers, distributors and financial institutions. Businesses operating in Turkey may no longer be able to file certain commercial lawsuits immediately before a Turkish court. Depending on the nature of the dispute […]