Introduction In today’s globalized legal environment, cross-border disputes are increasingly common. International trade, foreign investment, and multinational family matters frequently result in court judgments rendered outside Turkey. However, a foreign court judgment does not automatically produce legal consequences within Turkish territory. To be valid and enforceable in Turkey, a foreign judgment must go through a […]
Introduction In today’s globalized legal environment, cross-border disputes are increasingly common. International trade, foreign investment, and multinational family matters frequently result in court judgments rendered outside Turkey. However, a foreign court judgment does not automatically produce legal consequences within Turkish territory. To be valid and enforceable in Turkey, a foreign judgment must go through a […]
Introduction Arbitration in Turkey has become an increasingly preferred dispute resolution mechanism, particularly in commercial and international transactions. As foreign investment, cross-border trade, and infrastructure projects expand, parties often choose arbitration clauses instead of submitting disputes to Turkish state courts. But is arbitration in Turkey truly better than court litigation? The answer depends on the […]
Introduction The litigation process in Turkey follows a civil law tradition influenced by continental European legal systems. For foreign individuals and international companies doing business in Turkey, understanding how Turkish courts operate is essential for risk management and dispute resolution planning. Foreign parties often face challenges related to jurisdiction, language barriers, procedural formalities, security for […]
Introduction The Urban Transformation Law in Turkey, officially known as Law No. 6306 on the Transformation of Areas Under Disaster Risk, was enacted to address earthquake risks and structurally unsafe buildings across the country. Following devastating earthquakes and growing seismic awareness, the Turkish government initiated large-scale urban renewal policies to modernize unsafe housing stock and […]
Introduction Lease termination under Turkish law is one of the most frequently litigated areas of real estate practice. Due to strong tenant protection principles embedded in the Turkish Code of Obligations, terminating a lease agreement—especially residential and roofed workplace leases—is not always straightforward for landlords. Turkey’s rental market has experienced significant price fluctuations in recent […]
Introduction Mortgage and security rights in Turkey constitute one of the most fundamental mechanisms for securing financial transactions, particularly in real estate financing, commercial lending, and investment projects. Turkish law provides a structured and formalized system of real security rights that protect creditors while balancing debtor protection principles. In Turkey’s rapidly expanding real estate and […]
Introduction Preliminary sales contracts in Turkish real estate law play a crucial role in property transactions, especially in off-plan projects, construction developments, and staged payment agreements. While many buyers assume that signing a contract secures ownership, Turkish law draws a strict distinction between a preliminary sales contract and the actual transfer of ownership. Understanding the […]
Introduction Property ownership rights in Turkey are constitutionally protected and regulated under a structured legal framework that combines civil law principles with modern land registry practices. For both Turkish citizens and foreign investors, understanding property ownership rights in Turkey is essential before purchasing real estate, investing in land, or entering into property-related contracts. Turkey’s strategic […]
Living in Turkey as an expatriate offers a unique blend of vibrant culture, stunning landscapes, and a strategic location. However, the Turkish real estate market has undergone significant volatility in recent years, leading to complex disputes between landlords and tenants. For many expats, the most pressing concern is the sudden and often steep demands for […]