Learn how confidentiality clauses and non-disclosure agreements work under Turkish law, including enforceability, form, trade secrets, employee confidentiality, unfair competition, data protection, remedies, and drafting risks in Turkey. Introduction Confidentiality clauses and non-disclosure agreements in Turkey are not governed by one single standalone “NDA law.” Instead, Turkish law protects confidential information through a combination of […]
Learn how guarantee agreements and suretyship work under Turkish law, including form requirements, spouse consent, maximum liability, ordinary and joint suretyship, commercial implications, and the distinction between independent guarantees and suretyship. Introduction Guarantee agreements and suretyship in Turkey sit at the center of commercial risk allocation. Lenders, suppliers, landlords, lessors, employers, and investors often want […]
Learn how assumption of debt works under Turkish law, including internal assumption, external assumption, creditor consent, defenses, collateral, nullity, business transfers, and the distinction between debt assumption and contract assignment. Introduction Assumption of debt under Turkish law is mainly regulated in the Turkish Code of Obligations No. 6098. It is one of the core mechanisms […]
Learn how assignment of receivables and transfer of contractual rights work under Turkish law, including written form, debtor defenses, notification, ancillary rights, warranties, debt assumption, and contract assignment under the Turkish Code of Obligations. Introduction Assignment of receivables and transfer of contractual rights in Turkey are governed mainly by the Turkish Code of Obligations No. […]
Learn how pre-contractual liability works in Turkey, including negotiations, bad faith, culpa in contrahendo, disclosure duties, confidentiality, reliance loss, and the legal consequences of misleading conduct before a contract is signed. Introduction Pre-contractual liability in Turkey concerns legal responsibility arising during the negotiation phase, before a final contract is concluded. Turkish law does not regulate […]
Learn how pre-contractual liability works in Turkey, including negotiations, bad faith, culpa in contrahendo, disclosure duties, confidentiality, reliance loss, and the legal consequences of misleading or abusive conduct before a contract is signed. Introduction Pre-contractual liability in Turkey refers to legal responsibility arising during the negotiation stage, before a final contract is concluded. Turkish law […]
Learn how mistake, fraud, and duress affect contract validity under Turkish law, including essential mistake, deceptive conduct, intimidation, ratification, damages, and the distinction between void and voidable contracts in Turkey. Introduction Mistake, fraud, and duress in Turkish contract law are among the most important grounds on which a party may challenge the binding force of […]
Learn how invalidity of contracts works in Turkey, including absolute nullity, voidability, defects of consent, legal capacity, form requirements, partial invalidity, gross disparity, and unfair terms under Turkish law. Introduction Invalidity of contracts in Turkey is one of the most important subjects in Turkish private law because a signed document does not always produce the […]
Learn how contract interpretation works under Turkish law, including real and common intention, the good faith principle, standard terms, sham transactions, evidentiary rules, and practical drafting lessons under the Turkish Civil Code and Turkish Code of Obligations. Introduction Contract interpretation under Turkish law is built on a principle that is both simple and powerful: a […]
Learn how the good faith principle works in Turkish contract law, including honest conduct, abuse of rights, contract interpretation, pre-contractual behavior, standard terms, hardship, consumer contracts, and practical drafting consequences under Turkish law. Introduction The good faith principle in Turkish contract law is not a secondary or decorative idea. It is one of the foundational […]